资治通鉴 · 卷六十四 · 汉纪五十六

宋 · 司马光

起qǐ重zhòng光guāng大dà荒huāng落là,尽jìn旃zhān蒙mēng作zuò噩è,凡fán五wǔ年nián。

孝xiào献xiàn皇huáng帝dì己jǐ建jiàn安ān六liù年nián(辛xīn巳sì,公gōng元yuán二èr零líng一yī年nián)

春chūn,三sān月yuè,丁dīng卯mǎo朔shuò,日rì有yǒu食shí之zhī。

曹cáo操cāo就jiù谷gǔ于yú安ān民mín。以yǐ袁yuán绍shào新xīn破pò,欲yù以yǐ其qí间jiān击jī刘表biǎo。荀xún彧yù曰yuē:“绍shào既jì新xīn败bài,其qí众zhòng离lí心xīn,宜yí乘chéng其qí困kùn,遂suì定dìng之zhī。而ér欲yù远yuǎn师shī江jiāng、汉hàn,若ruò绍shào收shōu其qí馀yú烬jìn,承chéng虚xū以yǐ出chū人rén后hòu,则zé公gōng事shì去qù矣yǐ。”操cāo乃nǎi止zhǐ。夏xià,四sì月yuè,操cāo扬yáng兵bīng河hé上shàng,击jī袁yuán绍shào仓cāng亭tíng军jūn,破pò之zhī。秋qiū,九月yuè,操cāo还huán许xǔ。

操cāo自zì击jī刘备bèi于yú汝rǔ南nán,备bèi奔bēn刘表biǎo,龚gōng都dū等děng皆jiē散sàn。表biǎo闻wén备bèi至zhì,自zì出chū郊jiāo迎yíng,以yǐ上shàng宾bīn礼lǐ待dài之zhī,益yì其qí兵bīng,使shǐ屯tún新xīn野yě。备bèi在zài荆jīng州zhōu数shù年nián,尝cháng于yú表biǎo坐zuò起qǐ至zhì厕cè,慨kǎi然rán流涕tì。表biǎo怪guài,问wèn备bèi,备bèi曰yuē:“平píng常cháng身shēn不bù离lí鞍ān,髀bì肉ròu皆jiē消xiāo。今jīn不bù复fù骑qí,髀bì里lǐ肉ròu生shēng。日rì月yuè如rú流,老lǎo将jiāng至zhì矣yǐ,而ér功gōng业yè不bù建jiàn,是shì以yǐ悲bēi耳ěr。”

曹cáo操cāo遣qiǎn夏xià侯hóu渊yuān、张zhāng辽liáo围wéi昌chāng豨xī于yú东dōng海hǎi,数shù月yuè,粮liáng尽jìn,议yì引yǐn军jūn还huán。辽liáo谓wèi渊yuān曰yuē:“数shù日rì已yǐ来lái,每měi行háng诸zhū围wéi,豨xī辄zhé属shǔ目mù视shì辽liáo,又yòu其qí射shè矢shǐ更gēng稀xī。此cǐ必bì豨xī计jì犹yóu豫yù,故gù不bù力lì战zhàn。辽liáo欲yù挑tiāo与yǔ语yǔ,倘tǎng可kě诱yòu也yě。”乃nǎi使shǐ谓wèi豨xī曰yuē:“公gōng有yǒu命mìng,使shǐ辽liáo传chuán之zhī。”豨xī果guǒ下xià与yǔ辽liáo语yǔ。辽liáo为wéi说shuō操cāo神shén武wǔ,方fāng以yǐ德dé怀huái四sì方fāng,先xiān附fù者zhě受shòu大dà赏shǎng,豨xī乃nǎi许xǔ降jiàng。辽liáo遂suì单dān身shēn上shàng三sān公gōng山shān,入rù豨xī家jiā,拜bài妻qī子zǐ,豨xī欢huān喜xǐ,随suí辽liáo诣yì操cāo。操cāo遣qiǎn豨xī还huán。

赵zhào韪wěi围wéi刘璋zhāng于yú成chéng都dū。东dōng州zhōu人rén恐kǒng见jiàn诛zhū灭miè,相xiāng与yǔ力lì战zhàn,韪wěi遂suì败bài退tuì,追zhuī至zhì江jiāng州zhōu,杀shā之zhī。庞páng羲xī惧jù,遣qiǎn吏lì程chéng祁qí宣xuān旨zhǐ于yú其qí父fù汉hàn昌chāng令líng畿jī,索suǒ賨cóng兵bīng。畿jī曰yuē:“郡jùn合hé部bù曲qū,本běn不bù为wéi乱luàn,纵zòng有yǒu谗chán谀yú,要yào在zài尽jìn诚chéng,若ruò遂suì怀huái异yì志zhì,不bù敢gǎn闻wén命mìng。”羲xī更gēng使shǐ祁qí说shuō之zhī,畿jī曰yuē:“我wǒ受shòu牧mù恩ēn,当dāng为wéi尽jìn节jié;汝rǔ为wéi郡jùn吏lì,自zì宜yí效xiào力lì。不bù义yì之zhī事shì,有yǒu死sǐ不bù为wéi。”羲xī怒nù,使shǐ人rén谓wèi畿jī曰yuē:“不bù从cóng太tài守shǒu,祸huò将jiāng及jí家jiā!”畿jī曰yuē:“乐lè羊yáng食shí子zǐ,非fēi无wú父fù子zǐ之zhī恩ēn,大dà义yì然rán也yě。今jīn虽suī羹gēng祁qí以yǐ赐cì畿jī,畿jī啜chuò之zhī矣yǐ。”羲xī乃nǎi厚hòu谢xiè于yú璋zhāng。璋zhāng擢zhuó畿jī为wéi江jiāng阳yáng太tài守shǒu。朝zhāo廷tíng闻wén益yì州zhōu乱luàn,以yǐ五wǔ官guān中zhōng郎láng将jiāng牛niú亶dǎn为wéi益yì州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。征zhēng璋zhāng为wéi卿qīng,不bù至zhì。

张zhāng鲁lǔ以yǐ鬼guǐ道dào教jiào民mín,使shǐ病bìng者zhě自zì首shǒu其qí过guò,为wéi之zhī请qǐng祷dǎo,实shí无wú益yì于yú治zhì病bìng,然rán小xiǎo人rén昏hūn愚yú,竞jìng共gòng事shì之zhī。犯fàn法fǎ者zhě,三sān原yuán,然rán后hòu乃nǎi行háng刑xíng。不bù置zhì长cháng吏lì,皆jiē以yǐ祭jì酒为wéi治zhì。民mín、夷yí便biàn乐lè之zhī,流移yí寄jì在zài其qí地dì者zhě,不bù敢gǎn不bù奉fèng其qí道dào。后hòu遂suì袭xí取qǔ巴bā郡jùn,朝zhāo廷tíng力lì不bù能néng征zhēng,遂suì就jiù宠chǒng鲁lǔ为wéi镇zhèn民mín中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,领lǐng汉hàn宁níng太tài守shǒu,通tōng贡gòng献xiàn而ér已yǐ。民mín有yǒu地dì中zhōng得dé玉yù印yìn者zhě,群qún下xià欲yù尊zūn鲁lǔ为wéi汉hàn宁níng王wáng。功gōng曹cáo巴bā西xī阎yán圃pǔ谏jiàn曰yuē:“汉hàn川chuān之zhī民mín,户hù出chū十shí万wàn,财cái富fù土tǔ沃wò,四sì面miàn险xiǎn固gù。上shàng匡kuāng天tiān子zǐ,则zé为wéi桓huán、文wén,次cì及jí窦dòu融róng,不bù失shī富fù贵guì。今jīn承chéng制zhì署shǔ置zhì,势shì足zú斩zhǎn断duàn,不bù烦fán于yú王wáng。愿yuàn且qiě不bù称chēng,勿wù为wéi祸huò先xiān。”鲁lǔ从cóng之zhī。

孝xiào献xiàn皇huáng帝dì己jǐ建jiàn安ān七qī年nián(壬rén午wǔ,公gōng元yuán二èr零líng二èr年nián)

春chūn,正zhèng月yuè,曹cáo操cāo军jūn谯qiáo,遂suì至zhì浚jùn仪yí,治zhì睢huī阳yáng渠qú。遣qiǎn使shǐ以yǐ太tài牢láo祀sì桥qiáo玄xuán。进jìn军jūn官guān渡dù。

袁yuán绍shào自zì军jūn败bài,惭cán愤fèn,发fā病bìng呕ǒu血xiě;夏xià,五wǔ月yuè,薨hōng。初chū,绍shào有yǒu三sān子zǐ:谭tán、熙xī、尚shàng。绍shào后hòu妻qī刘氏shì爱ài尚shàng,数shù称chēng于yú绍shào。绍shào欲yù以yǐ为wéi后hòu,而ér未wèi显xiǎn言yán之zhī。乃nǎi以yǐ谭tán继jì兄xiōng后hòu,出chū为wéi青qīng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。沮jǔ授shòu谏jiàn曰yuē:“世shì称chēng万wàn人rén逐zhú兔tù,一yī人rén获huò之zhī,贪tān者zhě悉xī止zhǐ,分fēn定dìng故gù也yě。谭tán长cháng子zǐ,当dāng为wéi嗣sì,而ér斥chì使shǐ居jū外wài,祸huò其qí始shǐ此cǐ矣yǐ。”绍shào曰yuē:“吾wú欲yù令líng诸zhū子zǐ各gè据jù一yī州zhōu,以yǐ视shì其qí能néng。”于yú是shì以yǐ中zhōng子zǐ熙xī为wéi幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,外wài甥shēng高gāo幹gàn为wéi并bìng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。逄páng纪jì、审shěn配pèi素sù为wéi谭tán所suǒ疾jí,辛xīn评píng、郭guō图tú皆jiē附fù于yú谭tán,而ér与yǔ配pèi、纪jì有yǒu隙xì。及jí绍shào薨hōng,众zhòng以yǐ谭tán长cháng,欲yù立lì之zhī。配pèi等děng恐kǒng谭tán立lì而ér评píng等děng为wéi害hài,遂suì矫jiǎo绍shào遗yí命mìng,奉fèng尚shàng为wéi嗣sì。谭tán至zhì,不bù得dé立lì,自zì称chēng车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn,屯tún黎lí阳yáng。尚shàng少shǎo与yǔ之zhī兵bīng,而ér使shǐ逄páng纪jì随suí之zhī。谭tán求益yì兵bīng,审shěn配pèi等děng又yòu议yì不bù与yǔ。谭tán怒nù,杀shā逄páng纪jì。秋qiū,九月yuè,曹cáo操cāo渡dù河hé攻gōng谭tán。谭tán告gào急jí于yú尚shàng,尚shàng留审shěn配pèi守shǒu鄴yè,自zì将jiāng助zhù谭tán,与yǔ操cāo相xiāng拒jù。连lián战zhàn,谭tán、尚shàng数shù败bài,退tuì而ér固gù守shǒu。尚shàng遣qiǎn所suǒ置zhì河hé东dōng太tài守shǒu郭guō援yuán,与yǔ高gāo幹gàn、匈xiōng奴nú南nán单dān于yú共gòng攻gōng河hé东dōng,发fā使shǐ与yǔ关guān中zhōng诸zhū将jiāng马mǎ腾téng等děng连lián兵bīng,腾téng等děng阴yīn许xǔ之zhī,援yuán所suǒ经jīng城chéng邑yì皆jiē下xià。河hé东dōng郡jùn吏lì贾gǔ逵kuí守shǒu绛jiàng,援yuán攻gōng之zhī急jí;城chéng将jiāng溃kuì,父fù老lǎo与yǔ援yuán约yuē,不bù害hài逵kuí乃nǎi降jiàng,援yuán许xǔ之zhī。援yuán欲yù使shǐ逵kuí为wéi将jiāng,以yǐ兵bīng劫jié之zhī,逵kuí不bù动dòng。左zuǒ右yòu引yǐn逵kuí使shǐ叩kòu头tóu,逵kuí叱chì之zhī曰yuē:“安ān有yǒu国guó家jiā长cháng吏lì为wéi贼zéi叩kòu头tóu!”援yuán怒nù,将jiāng斩zhǎn之zhī,或huò伏fú其qí上shàng以yǐ救jiù之zhī。绛jiàng吏lì民mín闻wén将jiāng杀shā逵kuí,皆jiē乘chéng城chéng呼hū曰yuē:“负fù约yuē杀shā我wǒ贤xián君jūn,宁níng俱jù死sǐ耳ěr!”乃nǎi困kùn于yú壶hú关guān,著zhù土tǔ窖jiào中zhōng,盖gài以yǐ车chē轮lún。逵kuí谓wèi守shǒu者zhě曰yuē:“此cǐ间jiān无wú健jiàn儿ér邪xié,而ér使shǐ义yì士shì死sǐ此cǐ中zhōng乎hū?”有yǒu祝zhù公gōng道dào者zhě,适shì闻wén其qí言yán,乃nǎi夜yè往wǎng,盗dào引yǐn出chū逵kuí,折zhē械xiè遣qiǎn去qù,不bù语yǔ其qí姓xìng名míng。

曹cáo操cāo使shǐ司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi钟zhōng繇yáo围wéi南nán单dān于yú于yú平píng阳yáng,未wèi拔bá而ér援yuán至zhì。繇yáo使shǐ新xīn丰fēng令líng冯féng翊yì张zhāng既jì说shuō马mǎ腾téng,为wéi言yán利lì害hài。腾téng疑yí未wèi决jué。傅fù幹gàn说shuō腾téng曰yuē:“古gǔ人rén有yǒu言yán‘顺shùn道dào者zhě昌chāng,逆nì德dé者zhě亡wáng’,曹cáo公gōng奉fèng天tiān子zǐ诛zhū暴bào乱luàn,法fǎ明míng政zhèng治zhì,上shàng下xià用yòng命mìng,可kě谓wèi顺shùn道dào矣yǐ。袁yuán氏shì恃shì其qí强qiáng大dà,背bèi弃qì王wáng命mìng,驱qū胡hú虏lǔ以yǐ陵líng中zhōng国guó,可kě谓wèi逆nì德dé矣yǐ。今jīn将jiāng军jūn既jì事shì有yǒu道dào,不bù尽jìn其qí力lì,阴yīn怀huái两liǎng端duān,欲yù以yǐ坐zuò观guān成chéng败bài;吾wú恐kǒng成chéng败bài既jì定dìng,奉fèng辞cí责zé罪zuì,将jiāng军jūn先xiān为wéi诛zhū首shǒu矣yǐ!”于yú是shì腾téng惧jù。幹gàn因yīn曰yuē:“智zhì者zhě转zhuǎn祸huò为wéi福fú。今jīn曹cáo公gōng与yǔ袁yuán氏shì相xiāng持chí,而ér高gāo幹gàn、郭guō援yuán合hé攻gōng河hé东dōng。曹cáo公gōng虽suī有yǒu万wàn全quán之zhī计jì,不bù能néng禁jīn河hé东dōng之zhī不bù危wēi也yě。将jiāng军jūn诚chéng能néng引yǐn兵bīng讨tǎo援yuán,内nèi外wài击jī之zhī,其qí势shì必bì举jǔ。是shì将jiāng军jūn一yī举jǔ,断duàn袁yuán氏shì之zhī臂bì,解jiě一yī方fāng之zhī急jí,曹cáo公gōng必bì重zhòng德dé将jiāng军jūn,将jiāng军jūn功gōng名míng无wú与yǔ比bǐ矣yǐ。”腾téng乃nǎi遣qiǎn子zǐ超chāo将jiāng兵bīng万wàn馀yú人rén与yǔ繇yáo会huì。初chū,诸zhū将jiāng以yǐ郭guō援yuán众zhòng盛shèng,欲yù释shì平píng阳yáng去qù。钟zhōng繇yáo曰yuē:“袁yuán氏shì方fāng强qiáng,援yuán之zhī来lái,关guān中zhōng阴yīn与yǔ之zhī通tōng,所suǒ以yǐ未wèi悉xī叛pàn者zhě,顾gù吾wú威wēi名míng故gù耳ěr。若ruò弃qì而ér去qù,示shì之zhī以yǐ弱ruò,所suǒ在zài之zhī民mín,谁shuí非fēi寇kòu仇chóu?纵zòng吾wú欲yù归guī,其qí得dé至zhì乎hū?此cǐ为wéi未wèi战zhàn先xiān自zì败bài也yě。且qiě援yuán刚gāng愎bì好hǎo胜shèng,必bì易yì吾wú军jūn,若ruò渡dù汾fén为wéi营yíng,及jí其qí未wèi济jì击jī之zhī,可kě大dà克kè也yě。”援yuán至zhì,果guǒ径jìng前qián渡dù汾fén,众zhòng止zhǐ之zhī,不bù从cóng。济jì水shuǐ未wèi半bàn,繇yáo击jī,大dà破pò之zhī。战zhàn罢bà,众zhòng人rén皆jiē言yán援yuán死sǐ而ér不bù得dé其qí首shǒu。援yuán,繇yáo之zhī甥shēng也yě。晚wǎn后hòu,马mǎ超chāo校xiào尉wèi南nán安ān庞páng德dé,于yú鞬jiàn中zhōng出chū一yī头tóu,繇yáo见jiàn之zhī而ér哭kū。德dé谢xiè繇yáo,繇yáo曰yuē:“援yuán虽suī我wǒ甥shēng,乃nǎi国guó贼zéi也yě,卿qīng何hé谢xiè之zhī有yǒu!”南nán单dān于yú遂suì降jiàng。

刘表biǎo使shǐ刘备bèi北běi侵qīn,至zhì叶yè,曹cáo操cāo遣qiǎn夏xià侯hóu惇dūn、于yú禁jīn等děng拒jù之zhī。备bèi一yī旦dàn烧shāo屯tún去qù,惇dūn等děng追zhuī之zhī。裨bì将jiāng军jūn巨jù鹿lù李lǐ典diǎn曰yuē:“贼zéi无wú故gù退tuì,疑yí必bì有yǒu伏fú。南nán道dào窄zhǎi狭xiá,草cǎo木mù深shēn,不bù可kě追zhuī也yě。”惇dūn等děng不bù听tīng,使shǐ典diǎn留守shǒu而ér追zhuī之zhī,果guǒ入rù伏fú里lǐ,兵bīng大dà败bài。典diǎn往wǎng救jiù之zhī,备bèi乃nǎi退tuì。

曹cáo操cāo下xià书shū责zé孙sūn权quán任rèn子zǐ,权quán召zhào群qún僚liáo会huì议yì,张zhāng昭zhāo、秦qín松sōng等děng犹yóu豫yù不bù决jué。权quán引yǐn周zhōu瑜yú诣yì吴wú夫fū人rén前qián定dìng议yì,瑜yú曰yuē:“昔xī楚chǔ国guó初chū封fēng,不bù满mǎn百bǎi里lǐ之zhī地dì。继jì嗣sì贤xián能néng,广guǎng土tǔ开kāi境jìng,遂suì据jù荆jīng、扬yáng,至zhì于yú南nán海hǎi,传chuán业yè延yán祚zuò,九百bǎi馀yú年nián。今jīn将jiāng军jūn承chéng父fù兄xiōng馀yú资zī,兼jiān六liù郡jùn之zhī众zhòng,兵bīng精jīng粮liáng多duō,将jiāng士shì用yòng命mìng,铸zhù山shān为wéi铜tóng,煮zhǔ海hǎi为wéi盐yán,境jìng内nèi富fù饶ráo,人rén不bù思sī乱luàn,有yǒu何hé逼bī迫pò而ér欲yù送sòng质zhì!质zhì一yī入rù,不bù得dé不bù与yǔ曹cáo氏shì相xiāng首shǒu尾wěi,与yǔ相xiāng首shǒu尾wěi,则zé命mìng召zhào不bù得dé不bù往wǎng,如rú此cǐ,便biàn见jiàn制zhì于yú人rén也yě。极jí不bù过guò一yī侯hóu印yìn,仆pū从cóng十shí馀yú人rén,车chē数shù乘chéng,马mǎ数shù匹pǐ,岂qǐ与yǔ南nán面miàn称chēng孤gū同tóng哉zāi!不bù如rú勿wù遣qiǎn,徐xú观guān其qí变biàn。若ruò曹cáo氏shì能néng率shuài义yì以yǐ正zhèng天tiān下xià,将jiāng军jūn事shì之zhī未wèi晚wǎn;若ruò图tú为wéi暴bào乱luàn,彼bǐ自zì亡wáng之zhī不bù暇xiá,焉yān能néng害hài人rén!”吴wú夫fū人rén曰yuē:“公gōng瑾jǐn议yì是shì也yě。公gōng瑾jǐn与yǔ伯bó符fú同tóng年nián,小xiǎo一yī月yuè耳ěr,我wǒ视shì之zhī如rú子zǐ也yě,汝rǔ其qí兄xiōng事shì之zhī。”遂suì不bù送sòng质zhì。

孝xiào献xiàn皇huáng帝dì己jǐ建jiàn安ān八bā年nián(癸guǐ未wèi,公gōng元yuán二èr零líng三sān年nián)

春chūn,二èr月yuè,曹cáo操cāo攻gōng黎lí阳yáng,与yǔ袁yuán谭tán、袁yuán尚shàng战zhàn于yú城chéng下xià,谭tán、尚shàng败bài走zǒu,还huán鄴yè。夏xià,四sì月yuè,操cāo追zhuī至zhì鄴yè,收shōu其qí麦mài。诸zhū将jiāng欲yù乘chéng胜shèng遂suì攻gōng之zhī,郭guō嘉jiā曰yuē:“袁yuán绍shào爱ài此cǐ二èr子zǐ,莫mò适shì立lì也yě。今jīn权quán力lì相xiāng侔móu,各gè有yǒu党dǎng与yǔ,急jí之zhī则zé相xiāng保bǎo,缓huǎn之zhī则zé争zhēng心xīn生shēng。不bù如rú南nán向xiàng荆jīng州zhōu以yǐ待dài其qí变biàn,变biàn成chéng而ér后hòu击jī之zhī,可kě一yī举jǔ定dìng也yě。”操cāo曰yuē:“善shàn!”五wǔ月yuè,操cāo还huán许xǔ,留其qí将jiāng贾gǔ信xìn屯tún黎lí阳yáng。

谭tán谓wèi尚shàng曰yuē:“我wǒ铠kǎi甲jiǎ不bù精jīng,故gù前qián为wéi曹cáo操cāo所suǒ败bài。今jīn操cāo军jūn退tuì,人rén怀huái归guī志zhì,及jí其qí未wèi济jì,出chū兵bīng掩yǎn之zhī,可kě令líng大dà溃kuì,此cǐ策cè不bù可kě失shī也yě。”尚shàng疑yí之zhī,既jì不bù益yì兵bīng,又yòu不bù易yì甲jiǎ。谭tán大dà怒nù,郭guō图tú、辛xīn评píng因yīn谓wèi谭tán曰yuē:“使shǐ先xiān公gōng出chū将jiāng军jūn为wéi兄xiōng后hòu者zhě,皆jiē审shěn配pèi之zhī谋móu也yě。”谭tán遂suì引yǐn兵bīng攻gōng尚shàng,战zhàn于yú门mén外wài。谭tán败bài,引yǐn兵bīng还huán南nán皮pí。别bié驾jià北běi海hǎi王wáng修率shuài吏lì民mín自zì青qīng州zhōu往wǎng救jiù谭tán。谭tán欲yù更gēng还huán攻gōng尚shàng,修曰yuē:“兄xiōng弟dì者zhě,左zuǒ右yòu手shǒu也yě。譬pì人rén将jiāng斗dǒu而ér断duàn其qí右yòu手shǒu,曰yuē‘我wǒ必bì胜shèng’,其qí可kě乎hū?夫fū弃qì兄xiōng弟dì而ér不bù亲qīn,天tiān下xià其qí谁shuí亲qīn之zhī!彼bǐ谗chán人rén离lí间jiān骨gǔ肉ròu以yǐ求一yī朝zhāo之zhī利lì,愿yuàn塞sāi耳ěr勿wù听tīng也yě。若ruò斩zhǎn佞nìng臣chén数shù人rén,复fù相xiāng亲qīn睦mù,以yǐ御yù四sì方fāng,可kě横héng行háng于yú天tiān下xià。”谭tán不bù从cóng。谭tán将jiāng刘询xún起qǐ兵bīng漯luò阴yīn以yǐ叛pàn谭tán,诸zhū城chéng皆jiē应yīng之zhī。谭tán叹tàn曰yuē:“今jīn举jǔ州zhōu皆jiē叛pàn,岂qǐ孤gū之zhī不bù德dé邪xié?”王wáng修曰yuē:“东dōng莱lái太tài守shǒu管guǎn统tǒng,虽suī在zài海hǎi表biǎo,此cǐ人rén不bù反fǎn,必bì来lái。”后hòu十shí馀yú日rì,统tǒng果guǒ弃qì其qí妻qī子zǐ来lái赴fù谭tán,妻qī子zǐ为wéi贼zéi所suǒ杀shā。谭tán更gēng以yǐ统tǒng为wéi乐lè安ān太tài守shǒu。

秋qiū,八bā月yuè,操cāo击jī刘表biǎo,军jūn于yú西xī平píng。

袁yuán尚shàng自zì将jiāng攻gōng袁yuán谭tán,大dà破pò之zhī。谭tán奔bēn平píng原yuán,婴yīng城chéng固gù守shǒu。尚shàng围wéi之zhī急jí,谭tán遣qiǎn辛xīn评píng弟dì毘pí诣yì曹cáo操cāo请qǐng救jiù。刘表biǎo以yǐ书shū谏jiàn谭tán曰yuē:“君jūn子zǐ违wéi难nán不bù适shì仇chóu国guó,交jiāo绝jué不bù出chū恶è声shēng,况kuàng忘wàng先xiān人rén之zhī仇chóu,弃qì亲qīn戚qī之zhī好hǎo,而ér为wéi万wàn世shì之zhī戒jiè,遗yí同tóng盟méng之zhī耻chǐ哉zāi!若ruò冀jì州zhōu有yǒu不bù弟dì之zhī傲ào,仁rén君jūn当dāng降jiàng志zhì辱rǔ身shēn,以yǐ济jì事shì为wéi务wù,事shì定dìng之zhī后hòu,使shǐ天tiān下xià平píng其qí曲qū直zhí,不bù亦yì为wéi高gāo义yì邪xié?”又yòu与yǔ尚shàng书shū曰yuē:“金jīn、木mù、水shuǐ、火huǒ以yǐ刚gāng柔róu相xiāng济jì,然rán后hòu克kè得dé其qí和hé,能néng为wéi民mín用yòng。今jīn青qīng州zhōu天tiān性xìng峭qiào急jí,迷mí于yú曲qū直zhí。仁rén君jūn度dù数shù弘hóng广guǎng,绰chuò然rán有yǒu馀yú,当dāng以yǐ大dà包bāo小xiǎo,以yǐ优yōu容róng劣liè,先xiān除chú曹cáo操cāo以yǐ卒zú先xiān公gōng之zhī恨hèn,事shì定dìng之zhī后hòu,乃nǎi议yì曲qū直zhí之zhī计jì,不bù亦yì善shàn乎hū!若ruò迷mí而ér不bù反fǎn,则zé胡hú夷yí将jiāng有yǒu讥jī诮qiào之zhī言yán,况kuàng我wǒ同tóng盟méng,复fù能néng戮lù力lì为wéi君jūn之zhī役yì哉zāi?此cǐ韩hán卢lú、东dōng郭guō自zì困kùn于yú前qián面miàn遗yí田tián父fù之zhī获huò者zhě也yě。”谭tán、尚shàng皆jiē不bù从cóng。

辛xīn毘pí至zhì西xī平píng见jiàn曹cáo操cāo,致zhì谭tán意yì,群qún下xià多duō以yǐ为wéi刘表biǎo强qiáng,宜yí先xiān平píng之zhī,谭tán、尚shàng不bù足zú忧yōu也yě。荀xún攸yōu曰yuē:“天tiān下xià方fāng有yǒu事shì,而ér刘表biǎo坐zuò保bǎo江jiāng、汉hàn之zhī间jiān,其qí无wú四sì方fāng之zhī志zhì可kě知zhī矣yǐ。袁yuán氏shì据jù四sì州zhōu之zhī地dì,带dài甲jiǎ数shù十shí万wàn,绍shào以yǐ宽kuān厚hòu得dé众zhòng心xīn;使shǐ二èr子zǐ和hé睦mù以yǐ守shǒu其qí成chéng业yè,则zé天tiān下xià之zhī难nán未wèi息xī也yě。今jīn兄xiōng弟dì遘gòu恶è,其qí势shì不bù两liǎng全quán,若ruò有yǒu所suǒ并bìng则zé力lì专zhuān,力lì专zhuān则zé难nán图tú也yě。及jí其qí乱luàn而ér取qǔ之zhī,天tiān下xià定dìng矣yǐ,此cǐ时shí不bù可kě失shī也yě。”操cāo从cóng之zhī。后hòu数shù日rì,操cāo更gēng欲yù先xiān平píng荆jīng州zhōu,使shǐ谭tán、尚shàng自zì相xiāng敝bì,辛xīn毘pí望wàng操cāo色sè,知zhī有yǒu变biàn,以yǐ语yǔ郭guō嘉jiā。嘉jiā曰yuē操cāo,操cāo谓wèi毘pí曰yuē:“谭tán必bì可kě信xìn,尚shàng必bì可kě克kè不bù?”毘pí对duì曰yuē:“明míng公gōng无wú问wèn信xìn与yǔ诈zhà也yě,直zhí当dāng论lùn其qí势shì耳ěr。袁yuán氏shì本běn兄xiōng弟dì相xiāng伐fá,非fēi谓wèi他tā人rén能néng间jiān其qí间jiān,乃nǎi谓wèi天tiān下xià可kě定dìng于yú己jǐ也yě。今jīn一yī旦dàn求救jiù于yú明míng公gōng,此cǐ可kě知zhī也yě。显xiǎn甫fǔ见jiàn显xiǎn思sī困kùn而ér不bù能néng取qǔ,此cǐ力lì竭jié也yě。兵bīng革gé败bài于yú外wài,谋móu臣chén诛zhū于yú内nèi,兄xiōng弟dì谗chán阋xì,国guó分fēn为wéi二èr,连lián年nián战zhàn伐fá,介jiè胄zhòu生shēng虮jǐ虱shī,加jiā以yǐ旱hàn蝗huáng,饥jī馑jǐn并bìng臻zhēn;天tiān灾zāi应yīng于yú上shàng,人rén事shì困kùn于yú下xià,民mín无wú愚yú智zhì,皆jiē知zhī土tǔ崩bēng瓦wǎ解jiě,此cǐ乃nǎi天tiān亡wáng尚shàng之zhī时shí也yě。今jīn往wǎng攻gōng鄴yè,尚shàng不bù还huán救jiù,即jí不bù能néng自zì守shǒu;还huán救jiù,即jí谭tán踵zhǒng其qí后hòu。以yǐ明míng公gōng之zhī威wēi,应yīng困kùn穷qióng之zhī敌dí,击jī疲pí敝bì之zhī寇kòu,无wú异yì迅xùn风fēng之zhī振zhèn秋qiū叶yè矣yǐ。天tiān以yǐ尚shàng与yǔ明míng公gōng,明míng公gōng不bù取qǔ而ér伐fá荆jīng州zhōu,荆jīng州zhōu丰fēng乐lè,国guó未wèi有yǒu衅xìn。仲zhòng虺huǐ有yǒu言yán,‘取qǔ乱luàn侮wǔ亡wáng’。方fāng今jīn二èr袁yuán不bù务wù远yuǎn略而ér内nèi相xiāng图tú,可kě谓wèi乱luàn矣yǐ;居jū者zhě无wú食shí,行háng者zhě无wú粮liáng,可kě谓wèi亡wáng矣yǐ。朝zhāo不bù谋móu夕xī,民mín命mìng靡mí继jì,而ér不bù绥suí之zhī,欲yù待dài他tā年nián;他tā年nián或huò登dēng,又yòu自zì知zhī亡wáng而ér改gǎi修厥jué德dé,失shī所suǒ以yǐ用yòng兵bīng之zhī要yào矣yǐ。今jīn因yīn其qí请qǐng救jiù而ér抚fǔ之zhī,利lì莫mò大dà焉yān。且qiě四sì方fāng之zhī寇kòu,莫mò大dà于yú河hé北běi,河hé北běi平píng,则zé六liù军jūn盛shèng而ér天tiān下xià震zhèn矣yǐ。”操cāo曰yuē:“善shàn!”乃nǎi许xǔ谭tán平píng。冬dōng,十shí月yuè,操cāo至zhì黎lí阳yáng。尚shàng闻wén操cāo渡dù河hé,乃nǎi释shì平píng原yuán还huán鄴yè。尚shàng将jiāng吕旷kuàng、高gāo翔xiáng畔pàn归guī曹cáo操cāo,谭tán复fù阴yīn刻kè将jiāng军jūn印yìn以yǐ假jiǎ旷kuàng、翔xiáng。操cāo知zhī谭tán诈zhà,乃nǎi为wéi子zǐ整zhěng娉pīng谭tán女nǚ以yǐ安ān之zhī,而ér引yǐn军jūn还huán。

孙sūn权quán西xī伐fá黄huáng祖zǔ,破pò其qí舟zhōu军jūn,惟wéi城chéng未wèi克kè,而ér山shān寇kòu复fù动dòng。权quán还huán,过guò豫yù章zhāng,使shǐ征zhēng虏lǔ中zhōng郎láng将jiāng吕范fàn平píng鄱pó阳yáng、会huì稽jī,荡dàng寇kòu中zhōng郎láng将jiāng程chéng普pǔ讨tǎo乐lè安ān,建jiàn昌chāng都dū尉wèi太tài史shǐ慈cí领lǐng海hǎi昏hūn,以yǐ别bié部bù司sī马mǎ黄huáng盖gài、韩hán当dāng、周zhōu泰tài、吕蒙mēng等děng守shǒu剧jù县xiàn令líng长cháng,讨tǎo山shān越yuè,悉xī平píng之zhī。建jiàn安ān、汉hàn兴xīng、南nán平píng民mín作zuò乱luàn,聚jù众zhòng各gè万wàn馀yú人rén,权quán使shǐ南nán部bù都dū尉wèi会huì稽jī贺hè齐qí进jìn讨tǎo,皆jiē平píng之zhī,复fù立lì县xiàn邑yì,料liào出chū兵bīng万wàn人rén;拜bài齐qí平píng东dōng校xiào尉wèi。

孝xiào献xiàn皇huáng帝dì己jǐ建jiàn安ān九年nián(甲jiǎ申shēn,公gōng元yuán二èr零líng四sì年nián)

春chūn,正zhèng月yuè,曹cáo操cāo济jì河hé,遏è淇qí水shuǐ入rù白bái沟gōu以yǐ通tōng粮liáng道dào。

二èr月yuè,袁yuán尚shàng复fù攻gōng袁yuán谭tán于yú平píng原yuán,留其qí将jiāng审shěn配pèi、苏sū由yóu守shǒu鄴yè。曹cáo操cāo进jìn军jūn至zhì洹huán水shuǐ,苏sū由yóu欲yù为wéi内nèi应yīng,谋móu泄xiè,出chū奔bēn操cāo。操cāo进jìn至zhì鄴yè,为wéi土tǔ山shān、地dì道dào以yǐ攻gōng之zhī。尚shàng武wǔ安ān长cháng尹yǐn楷kǎi屯tún毛máo城chéng,以yǐ通tōng上shàng党dǎng粮liáng道dào。夏xià,四sì月yuè,操cāo留曹cáo洪hóng攻gōng鄴yè,自zì将jiāng击jī楷kǎi,破pò之zhī而ér还huán。又yòu击jī尚shàng将jiāng沮jǔ鹄gǔ于yú邯hán郸dān,拔bá之zhī。易yì阳yáng令líng韩hán范fàn、涉shè长cháng梁liáng岐qí皆jiē举jǔ县xiàn降jiàng。徐xú晃huǎng言yán于yú操cāo曰yuē:“二èr袁yuán未wèi破pò,诸zhū城chéng未wèi下xià者zhě倾qīng耳ěr而ér听tīng,宜yí旌jīng赏shǎng二èr县xiàn以yǐ示shì诸zhū城chéng。”操cāo从cóng之zhī,范fàn、岐qí皆jiē赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。黑hēi山shān贼zéi帅shuài张zhāng燕yàn遣qiǎn使shǐ求助zhù,操cāo拜bài平píng北běi将jiāng军jūn。

五wǔ月yuè,操cāo毁huǐ土tǔ山shān、地dì道dào,凿záo堑qiàn围wéi城chéng,周zhōu回huí四sì十shí里lǐ,初chū令líng浅qiǎn,示shì若ruò可kě越yuè。配pèi望wàng见jiàn,笑xiào之zhī,不bù出chū争zhēng利lì。操cāo一yī夜yè浚jùn之zhī,广guǎng深shēn二èr丈zhàng,引yǐn漳zhāng水shuǐ以yǐ灌guàn之zhī;城chéng中zhōng饿è死sǐ者zhě过guò半bàn。

秋qiū,七qī月yuè,尚shàng将jiāng兵bīng万wàn馀yú人rén还huán救jiù鄴yè;未wèi到dào,欲yù令líng审shěn配pèi知zhī外wài动dòng止zhǐ,先xiān使shǐ主zhǔ簿bù巨jù鹿lù李lǐ孚fú入rù城chéng。孚fú斫zhuó问wèn事shì杖zhàng,系xì著zhù马mǎ边biān,自zì著zhù平píng上shàng帻zé,将jiāng三sān骑qí,投tóu暮mù诣yì鄴yè下xià;自zì称chēng都dū督dū,历lì北běi围wéi,循xún表biǎo而ér东dōng,步bù步bù呵hē责zé守shǒu围wéi将jiāng士shì,随suí轻qīng重zhòng行háng其qí罚fá。遂suì历lì操cāo营yíng,前qián至zhì南nán围wéi,当dāng章zhāng门mén,复fù责zé怒nù守shǒu围wéi者zhě,收shōu缚fù之zhī。因yīn开kāi其qí围wéi,驰chí到dào城chéng下xià,呼hū城chéng上shàng人rén,城chéng上shàng人rén以yǐ绳shéng引yǐn,孚fú得dé入rù。配pèi等děng见jiàn孚fú,悲bēi喜xǐ,鼓gǔ噪zào称chēng万wàn岁suì。守shǒu围wéi者zhě以yǐ状zhuàng闻wén,操cāo笑xiào曰yuē:“此cǐ非fēi徒tú得dé入rù也yě,方fāng且qiě复fù出chū。”孚fú知zhī外wài围wéi益yì急jí,不bù可kě复fù冒mào,乃nǎi请qǐng配pèi悉xī出chū城chéng中zhōng老lǎo弱ruò以yǐ省shěng谷gǔ,夜yè,简jiǎn别bié数shù千qiān人rén,皆jiē使shǐ持chí白bái幡fān,从cóng三sān门mén并bìng出chū降jiàng。孚fú复fù将jiāng三sān骑qí作zuò降jiàng人rén服fú,随suí辈bèi夜yè出chū,突tū围wéi得dé去qù。

尚shàng兵bīng既jì至zhì,诸zhū将jiāng皆jiē以yǐ为wéi:“此cǐ归guī师shī,人rén自zì为wéi战zhàn,不bù如rú避bì之zhī。”操cāo曰yuē:“尚shàng从cóng大dà道dào来lái,当dāng避bì之zhī;若ruò循xún西xī山shān来lái者zhě,此cǐ成chéng禽qín耳ěr。”尚shàng果guǒ循xún西xī山shān来lái,东dōng至zhì阳yáng平píng亭tíng,去qù鄴yè十shí七qī里lǐ,临lín滏fǔ水shuǐ为wéi营yíng。夜yè,举jǔ火huǒ以yǐ示shì城chéng中zhōng,城chéng中zhōng亦yì举jǔ火huǒ相xiāng应yīng。配pèi出chū兵bīng城chéng北běi,欲yù与yǔ尚shàng对duì决jué围wéi。操cāo逆nì击jī之zhī,败bài还huán,尚shàng亦yì破pò走zǒu,依yī曲qū漳zhāng为wéi营yíng,操cāo遂suì围wéi之zhī。未wèi合hé,尚shàng惧jù,遣qiǎn使shǐ求降jiàng;操cāo不bù听tīng,围wéi之zhī益yì急jí。尚shàng夜yè遁dùn,保bǎo祁qí山shān,操cāo复fù进jìn围wéi之zhī。尚shàng将jiāng马mǎ延yán、张zhāng顗yǐ等děng临lín陈chén降jiàng,众zhòng大dà溃kuì,尚shàng奔bēn中zhōng山shān。尽jìn收shōu其qí辎zī重zhòng,得dé尚shàng印yìn绶shòu、节jié钺yuè及jí衣yī物wù,以yǐ示shì城chéng中zhōng,城chéng中zhōng崩bēng沮jǔ。审shěn配pèi令líng士shì卒zú曰yuē:“坚jiān守shǒu死sǐ战zhàn!操cāo军jūn疲pí矣yǐ,幽yōu州zhōu方fāng至zhì,何hé忧yōu无wú主zhǔ!”操cāo出chū行háng围wéi,配pèi伏fú弩nǔ射shè之zhī,几jī中zhōng。配pèi兄xiōng子zǐ荣róng为wéi东dōng门mén校xiào尉wèi,八bā月yuè,戊wù寅yín,荣róng夜yè开kāi门mén内nèi操cāo兵bīng。配pèi拒jù战zhàn城chéng中zhōng,操cāo兵bīng生shēng获huò之zhī。辛xīn评píng家jiā系xì鄴yè狱yù,辛xīn毘pí驰chí往wǎng,欲yù解jiě之zhī,已yǐ悉xī为wéi配pèi所suǒ杀shā。操cāo兵bīng缚fù配pèi诣yì帐zhàng下xià,毘pí逆nì以yǐ马mǎ鞭biān击jī其qí头tóu,骂mà之zhī曰yuē:“奴nú,汝rǔ今jīn日rì真zhēn死sǐ矣yǐ!”配pèi顾gù曰yuē:“狗gǒu辈bèi,正zhèng由yóu汝rǔ曹cáo破pò我wǒ冀jì州zhōu,恨hèn不bù得dé杀shā汝rǔ也yě!且qiě汝rǔ今jīn日rì能néng杀shā生shēng我wǒ邪xié?”有yǒu顷qǐng,操cāo引yǐn见jiàn,谓wèi配pèi曰yuē:“曩nǎng日rì孤gū之zhī行háng围wéi,何hé弩nǔ之zhī多duō也yě!”配pèi曰yuē:“犹yóu恨hèn其qí少shǎo!”操cāo曰yuē:“卿qīng忠zhōng于yú袁yuán氏shì,亦yì自zì不bù得dé不bù尔ěr。”意yì欲yù活huó之zhī。配pèi意yì气qì壮zhuàng烈liè,终zhōng于yú桡ráo辞cí,而ér辛xīn毘pí等děng号hào哭kū不bù已yǐ,遂suì斩zhǎn之zhī。冀jì州zhōu人rén张zhāng子zǐ谦qiān先xiān降jiàng,素sù与yǔ配pèi不bù善shàn,笑xiào谓wèi配pèi曰yuē:“正zhèng南nán,卿qīng竟jìng何hé如rú我wǒ?”配pèi厉lì声shēng曰yuē:“汝rǔ为wéi降jiàng虏lǔ,审shěn配pèi为wéi忠zhōng臣chén。虽suī死sǐ,岂qǐ羡xiàn汝rǔ生shēng邪xié!”临lín行háng刑xíng,叱chì持chí兵bīng者zhě令líng北běi向xiàng,曰yuē:“我wǒ君jūn在zài北běi也yě。”操cāo乃nǎi临lín祀sì绍shào墓mù,哭kū之zhī流涕tì;慰wèi劳láo绍shào妻qī,还huán其qí家jiā人rén宝bǎo物wù,赐cì杂zá缯zēng絮xù,禀bǐng食shí之zhī。

初chū,袁yuán绍shào与yǔ操cāo共gòng起qǐ兵bīng,绍shào问wèn操cāo曰yuē:“若ruò事shì不bù辑jí,则zé方fāng面miàn何hé所suǒ可kě据jù?”操cāo曰yuē:“足zú下xià意yì以yǐ为wéi何hé如rú?”绍shào曰yuē:“吾wú南nán据jù河hé,北běi阻zǔ燕yàn、代dài,兼jiān戎róng狄dí之zhī众zhòng,南nán向xiàng以yǐ争zhēng天tiān下xià,庶shù可kě以yǐ济jì乎hū!”操cāo曰yuē:“吾wú任rèn天tiān下xià之zhī智zhì力lì,以yǐ道dào御yù之zhī,无wú所suǒ不bù可kě。”

九月yuè,诏zhào以yǐ操cāo领lǐng冀jì州zhōu牧mù;操cāo让ràng还huán兗yǎn州zhōu。

初chū,袁yuán尚shàng遣qiǎn从cóng事shì安ān平píng牵qiān招zhāo至zhì上shàng党dǎng督dū军jūn粮liáng,未wèi还huán,尚shàng走zǒu中zhōng山shān,招zhāo说shuō高gāo幹gàn以yǐ并bìng州zhōu迎yíng尚shàng,并bìng力lì观guān变biàn,幹gàn不bù从cóng。招zhāo乃nǎi东dōng诣yì曹cáo操cāo,操cāo复fù以yǐ为wéi冀jì州zhōu从cóng事shì。又yòu辟bì崔cuī琰yǎn为wéi别bié驾jià,操cāo谓wèi琰yǎn曰yuē:“昨zuó案àn户hù籍jí,可kě得dé三sān十shí万wàn众zhòng,故gù为wéi大dà州zhōu也yě。”琰yǎn对duì曰yuē:“今jīn九州zhōu幅fú裂liè,二èr袁yuán兄xiōng弟dì亲qīn寻xún干gān戈gē,冀jì方fāng蒸zhēng庶shù,暴bào骨gǔ原yuán野yě,未wèi闻wén王wáng师shī存cún问wèn风fēng俗sú,救jiù其qí涂tú炭tàn,而ér校xiào计jì甲jiǎ兵bīng,唯wéi此cǐ为wéi先xiān,斯sī岂qǐ鄙bǐ州zhōu士shì女nǚ所suǒ望wàng于yú明míng公gōng哉zāi!”操cāo改gǎi容róng谢xiè之zhī。许xǔ攸yōu恃shì功gōng骄jiāo嫚màn,尝cháng于yú众zhòng坐zuò呼hū操cāo小xiǎo字zì曰yuē:“某mǒu甲jiǎ,卿qīng非fēi我wǒ,不bù得dé冀jì州zhōu也yě!”操cāo笑xiào曰yuē:“汝rǔ言yán是shì也yě。”然rán内nèi不bù乐lè,后hòu竟jìng杀shā之zhī。

冬dōng,十shí月yuè,有yǒu星xīng孛bèi于yú东dōng井jǐng。

高gāo幹gàn以yǐ并bìng州zhōu降jiàng,操cāo复fù以yǐ幹gàn为wéi并bìng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。

曹cáo操cāo之zhī围wéi鄴yè也yě,袁yuán谭tán复fù背bèi之zhī,略取qǔ甘gān陵líng、安ān平píng、勃bó海hǎi、河hé间jiān。攻gōng袁yuán尚shàng于yú中zhōng山shān,尚shàng败bài,走zǒu故gù安ān,从cóng袁yuán熙xī;谭tán悉xī收shōu其qí众zhòng,还huán屯tún龙lóng凑còu。操cāo与yǔ谭tán书shū,责zé以yǐ负fù约yuē,与yǔ之zhī绝jué婚hūn,女nǚ还huán,然rán后hòu进jìn讨tǎo。十shí二èr月yuè,操cāo军jūn其qí门mén,谭tán拔bá平píng原yuán,走zǒu保bǎo南nán皮pí,临lín清qīng河hé而ér屯tún。操cāo入rù平píng原yuán,略定dìng诸zhū县xiàn。

曹cáo操cāo表biǎo公gōng孙sūn度dù为wéi武wǔ威wēi将jiāng军jūn,封fēng永yǒng宁níng乡xiāng侯hóu。度dù曰yuē:“我wǒ王wáng辽liáo东dōng,何hé永yǒng宁níng也yě!”藏cáng印yìn绶shòu于yú武wǔ库kù。是shì岁suì,度dù卒zú,子zǐ康kāng嗣sì位wèi,以yǐ永yǒng宁níng乡xiāng侯hóu封fēng其qí弟dì恭gōng。操cāo以yǐ牵qiān招zhāo尝cháng为wéi袁yuán氏shì领lǐng乌wū桓huán,遣qiǎn诣yì柳城chéng,抚fǔ慰wèi乌wū桓huán。值zhí峭qiào王wáng严yán五wǔ千qiān骑qí欲yù助zhù袁yuán谭tán,又yòu,公gōng孙sūn康kāng遣qiǎn使shǐ韩hán忠zhōng假jiǎ峭qiào王wáng单dān于yú印yìn绶shòu。峭qiào王wáng大dà会huì群qún长cháng,忠zhōng亦yì在zài坐zuò。峭qiào王wáng问wèn招zhāo:“昔xī袁yuán公gōng言yán受shòu天tiān子zǐ之zhī命mìng,假jiǎ我wǒ为wéi单dān于yú;今jīn曹cáo公gōng复fù言yán当dāng更gēng白bái天tiān子zǐ,假jiǎ我wǒ真zhēn单dān于yú;辽liáo东dōng复fù持chí印yìn绶shòu来lái。如rú此cǐ,谁shuí当dāng为wéi正zhèng?”招zhāo答dá曰yuē:“昔xī袁yuán公gōng承chéng制zhì,得dé有yǒu所suǒ拜bài假jiǎ。中zhōng间jiān违wéi错cuò天tiān子zǐ命mìng,曹cáo公gōng代dài之zhī,言yán当dāng白bái天tiān子zǐ,更gēng假jiǎ真zhēn单dān于yú,是shì也yě。辽liáo东dōng下xià郡jùn,何hé得dé擅shàn称chēng拜bài假jiǎ也yě!”忠zhōng曰yuē:“我wǒ辽liáo东dōng在zài沧cāng海hǎi之zhī东dōng,拥yōng兵bīng百bǎi馀yú万wàn,又yòu有yǒu扶fú馀yú、濊huì貊mò之zhī用yòng。当dāng今jīn之zhī势shì,强qiáng者zhě为wéi右yòu,曹cáo操cāo何hé得dé独dú为wéi是shì也yě!”招zhāo呵hē忠zhōng曰yuē:“曹cáo公gōng允yǔn恭gōng明míng哲zhé,翼yì戴dài天tiān子zǐ,伐fá叛pàn柔róu服fú,宁níng静jìng四sì海hǎi。汝rǔ君jūn臣chén顽wán嚣xiāo,今jīn恃shì险xiǎn远yuǎn,背bèi违wéi天tiān命mìng,欲yù擅shàn拜bài假jiǎ,侮wǔ弄nòng神shén器qì;方fāng当dāng屠tú戮lù,何hé敢gǎn慢màn易yì咎jiù毁huǐ大dà人rén!”便biàn捉zhuō忠zhōng头tóu顿dùn筑zhù,拔bá刀dāo欲yù斩zhǎn之zhī。峭qiào王wáng惊jīng怖bù,徒tú跣xiǎn抱bào招zhāo,以yǐ救jiù请qǐng忠zhōng,左zuǒ右yòu失shī色sè。招zhāo乃nǎi还huán坐zuò,为wéi峭qiào王wáng等děng说shuō成chéng败bài之zhī效xiào,祸huò福fú所suǒ归guī;皆jiē下xià席xí跪guì伏fú,敬jìng受shòu敕chì教jiào,便biàn辞cí辽liáo东dōng之zhī使shǐ,罢bà所suǒ严yán骑qí。

丹dān杨yáng大dà都dū督dū妫guī览lǎn、郡jùn丞chéng戴dài员yuán杀shā太tài守shǒu孙sūn翊yì。将jiāng军jūn孙sūn河hé屯tún京jīng城chéng,驰chí赴fù宛wǎn陵líng,览lǎn、员yuán复fù杀shā之zhī;遣qiǎn人rén迎yíng扬yáng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ刘馥fù,令líng往wǎng历lì阳yáng,以yǐ丹dān杨yáng应yīng之zhī。览lǎn入rù居jū军jūn府fǔ中zhōng,欲yù逼bī取qǔ翊yì妻qī徐xú氏shì。徐xú氏shì绐dài之zhī曰yuē:“乞qǐ须xū晦huì日rì,设shè祭jì除chú服fú,然rán后hòu听tīng命mìng。”览lǎn许xǔ之zhī。徐xú氏shì潜qián使shǐ所suǒ亲qīn语yǔ翊yì亲qīn近jìn旧jiù将jiāng孙sūn高gāo、傅fù婴yīng等děng与yǔ共gòng图tú览lǎn,高gāo、婴yīng涕tì泣qì许xǔ诺nuò,密mì呼hū翊yì时shí侍shì养yǎng者zhě二èr十shí馀yú人rén与yǔ盟méng誓shì合hé谋móu。到dào晦huì日rì,设shè祭jì。徐xú氏shì哭kū泣qì尽jìn哀āi,毕bì,乃nǎi除chú服fú,薰xūn香xiāng沐mù浴yù,言yán笑xiào欢huān悦yuè。大dà小xiǎo忄xīn妻qī怆chuàng,怪guài其qí如rú此cǐ。览lǎn密mì觇chān,无wú复fù疑yí意yì。徐xú氏shì呼hū高gāo、婴yīng置zhì户hù内nèi,使shǐ人rén召zhào览lǎn入rù。徐xú氏shì出chū户hù拜bài览lǎn,适shì得dé一yī拜bài,徐xú大dà呼hū:“二èr君jūn可kě起qǐ!”高gāo、婴yīng俱jù出chū,共gòng杀shā览lǎn,馀yú人rén即jí就jiù外wài杀shā员yuán。徐xú氏shì乃nǎi还huán縗cuī纟sī至zhì,奉fèng览lǎn、员yuán首shǒu以yǐ祭jì翊yì墓mù,举jǔ军jūn震zhèn骇hài。孙sūn权quán闻wén乱luàn,从cóng椒jiāo丘还huán。至zhì丹dān杨yáng,悉xī族zú诛zhū览lǎn、员yuán馀yú党dǎng,擢zhuó高gāo、婴yīng为wéi牙yá门mén,其qí馀yú赏shǎng赐cì有yǒu差chà。

河hé子zǐ韶sháo,年nián十shí七qī,收shōu河hé馀yú众zhòng屯tún京jīng城chéng。权quán引yǐn军jūn发fā吴wú,夜yè至zhì京jīng城chéng下xià营yíng,试shì攻gōng惊jīng之zhī;兵bīng皆jiē乘chéng城chéng,传chuán檄xí备bèi警jǐng,欢huān声shēng动dòng地dì,颇pō射shè外wài人rén。权quán使shǐ晓xiǎo谕yù,乃nǎi止zhǐ。明míng日rì见jiàn韶sháo,拜bài承chéng列liè校xiào尉wèi,统tǒng河hé部bù曲qū。

孝xiào献xiàn皇huáng帝dì己jǐ建jiàn安ān十shí年nián(乙yǐ酉yǒu,公gōng元yuán二èr零líng五wǔ年nián)

春chūn,正zhèng月yuè,曹cáo操cāo攻gōng南nán皮pí,袁yuán谭tán出chū战zhàn,士shì卒zú多duō死sǐ。操cāo欲yù缓huǎn之zhī,议yì郎láng曹cáo纯chún曰yuē:“今jīn县xiàn师shī深shēn入rù,难nán以yǐ持chí久,若ruò进jìn不bù能néng克kè,退tuì必bì丧sāng威wēi。”乃nǎi自zì执zhí桴fú鼓gǔ以yǐ率shuài攻gōng者zhě,遂suì克kè之zhī。谭tán出chū走zǒu,追zhuī斩zhǎn之zhī。李lǐ孚fú自zì称chēng冀jì州zhōu主zhǔ簿bù,求见jiàn操cāo曰yuē:“今jīn城chéng中zhōng弱ruò强qiáng相xiāng陵líng,人rén心xīn扰rǎo乱luàn,以yǐ为wéi宜yí令líng新xīn降jiàng为wéi内nèi所suǒ识shí信xìn者zhě宣xuān传chuán明míng教jiào。”操cāo即jí使shǐ孚fú往wǎng入rù城chéng,告gào谕yù吏lì民mín,使shǐ各gè安ān故gù业yè,不bù得dé相xiāng侵qīn,城chéng中zhōng乃nǎi安ān。操cāo于yú是shì斩zhǎn郭guō图tú等děng及jí其qí妻qī子zǐ。袁yuán谭tán使shǐ王wáng修运yùn粮liáng于yú乐lè安ān,闻wén谭tán急jí,将jiāng所suǒ领lǐng兵bīng往wǎng赴fù之zhī,至zhì高gāo密mì,闻wén谭tán死sǐ,下xià马mǎ号hào哭kū曰yuē:“无wú君jūn焉yān归guī!”遂suì谐xié曹cáo操cāo,乞qǐ收shōu葬zàng谭tán尸shī,操cāo许xǔ之zhī,复fù使shǐ修还huán乐lè安ān,督dū军jūn粮liáng。谭tán所suǒ部bù诸zhū城chéng皆jiē服fú,唯wéi乐lè安ān太tài守shǒu管guǎn统tǒng不bù下xià。操cāo命mìng修取qǔ统tǒng首shǒu,修以yǐ统tǒng亡wáng国guó忠zhōng臣chén,解jiě其qí缚fù,使shǐ诣yì操cāo,操cāo悦yuè而ér赦shè之zhī,辟bì修为wéi司sī空kōng掾yuàn。

郭guō嘉jiā说shuō操cāo多duō辟bì青qīng、冀jì、幽yōu、并bìng名míng士shì以yǐ为wéi掾yuàn属shǔ,使shǐ人rén心xīn归guī附fù,操cāo从cóng之zhī。官guān渡dù之zhī战zhàn,袁yuán绍shào使shǐ陈chén琳lín为wéi檄xí书shū,数shù操cāo罪zuì恶è,连lián及jí家jiā世shì,极jí其qí丑chǒu诋dǐ。及jí袁yuán氏shì败bài,琳lín归guī操cāo,操cāo曰yuē:“卿qīng昔xī为wéi本běn初chū移yí书shū,但dàn可kě罪zuì状zhuàng孤gū身shēn,何hé乃nǎi上shàng及jí父fù祖zǔ邪xié!”琳lín谢xiè罪zuì,操cāo释shì之zhī,使shǐ与yǔ陈chén留阮ruǎn瑀yǔ俱jù管guǎn记jì室shì。先xiān是shì渔yú阳yáng王wáng松sōng据jù涿zhuō郡jùn,郡jùn人rén刘放fàng说shuō松sōng以yǐ地dì归guī操cāo,操cāo辟bì放fàng参cān司sī空kōng军jūn事shì。

袁yuán熙xī为wéi其qí将jiāng焦jiāo触chù、张zhāng南nán所suǒ攻gōng,与yǔ尚shàng俱jù奔bēn辽liáo西xī乌wū桓huán。触chù自zì号hào幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,驱qū率shuài诸zhū郡jùn太tài守shǒu令líng长cháng,背bèi袁yuán向xiàng曹cáo,陈chén兵bīng数shù万wàn,杀shā白bái马mǎ而ér盟méng,令líng曰yuē:“敢gǎn违wéi者zhě斩zhǎn!”众zhòng莫mò敢gǎn仰yǎng视shì,各gè以yǐ次cì歃shà。别bié驾jià代dài郡jùn韩hán珩héng曰yuē:“吾wú受shòu袁yuán公gōng父fù子zǐ厚hòu恩ēn,今jīn其qí破pò亡wáng,智zhì不bù能néng救jiù,勇yǒng不bù能néng死sǐ,于yú义yì阙quē矣yǐ。若ruò乃nǎi北běi面miàn曹cáo氏shì,所suǒ不bù能néng为wéi也yě。”一yī坐zuò为wéi珩héng失shī色sè。触chù曰yuē:“夫fū举jǔ大dà事shì,当dāng立lì大dà义yì,事shì之zhī济jì否fǒu,不bù待dài一yī人rén,可kě卒zú珩héng志zhì,以yǐ厉lì事shì君jūn。”乃nǎi舍shě之zhī。触chù等děng遂suì降jiàng曹cáo操cāo,皆jiē封fēng为wéi列liè侯hóu。

夏xià,四sì月yuè,黑hēi山shān贼zéi帅shuài张zhāng燕yàn率shuài其qí众zhòng十shí馀yú万wàn降jiàng,封fēng安ān国guó亭tíng侯hóu。

故gù安ān赵zhào犊dú、霍huò奴nú等děng杀shā幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ及jí涿zhuō郡jùn太tài守shǒu,三sān郡jùn乌wū桓huán攻gōng鲜xiān于yú辅fǔ于yú犷guǎng平píng。秋qiū,八bā月yuè,操cāo讨tǎo犊dú等děng,斩zhǎn之zhī;乃nǎi渡dù潞lù水shuǐ救jiù犷guǎng平píng,乌wū桓huán走zǒu出chū塞sāi。

冬dōng,十shí月yuè,高gāo幹gàn闻wén操cāo讨tǎo乌wū桓huán,复fù以yǐ并bìng州zhōu叛pàn,执zhí上shàng党dǎng太tài守shǒu,举jǔ兵bīng守shǒu壶hú关guān口kǒu。操cāo遣qiǎn其qí将jiāng乐lè进jìn、李lǐ典diǎn击jī之zhī。河hé内nèi张zhāng晟shèng,众zhòng万wàn馀yú人rén,寇kòu崤xiáo、渑miǎn间jiān,弘hóng农nóng张zhāng琰yǎn起qǐ兵bīng以yǐ应yīng之zhī。

河hé东dōng太tài守shǒu王wáng邑yì被bèi征zhēng,郡jùn掾yuàn卫wèi固gù及jí中zhōng郎láng将jiāng范fàn先xiān等děng诣yì司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi钟zhōng繇yáo,请qǐng留之zhī。繇yáo不bù许xǔ。固gù等děng外wài以yǐ请qǐng邑yì为wéi名míng,而ér内nèi实shí与yǔ高gāo幹gàn通tōng牒dié。曹cáo操cāo谓wèi荀xún彧yù曰yuē:“关guān西xī诸zhū将jiāng,外wài服fú内nèi贰èr,张zhāng晟shèng寇kòu乱luàn殽xiáo、渑miǎn,南nán通tōng刘表biǎo,固gù等děng因yīn之zhī,将jiāng为wéi深shēn害hài。当dāng今jīn河hé东dōng,天tiān下xià之zhī要yào地dì也yě,君jūn为wéi我wǒ举jǔ贤xián才cái以yǐ镇zhèn之zhī。”彧yù曰yuē:“西xī平píng太tài守shǒu京jīng兆zhào杜dù畿jī,勇yǒng足zú以yǐ当dāng难nán,智zhì足zú以yǐ应yīng变biàn。”操cāo乃nǎi以yǐ畿jī为wéi河hé东dōng太tài守shǒu。钟zhōng繇yáo促cù王wáng邑yì交jiāo符fú,邑yì佩pèi印yìn绶shòu,径jìng从cóng河hé北běi诣yì许xǔ自zì归guī。卫wèi固gù等děng使shǐ兵bīng数shù千qiān人rén绝jué陕shǎn津jīn,杜dù畿jī至zhì,数shù月yuè不bù得dé渡dù。操cāo遣qiǎn夏xià侯hóu惇dūn讨tǎo固gù等děng,未wèi至zhì,畿jī曰yuē:“河hé东dōng有yǒu三sān万wàn户hù,非fēi皆jiē欲yù为wéi乱luàn也yě。今jīn兵bīng迫pò之zhī急jí,欲yù为wéi善shàn者zhě无wú主zhǔ,必bì惧jù而ér听tīng于yú固gù。固gù等děng势shì专zhuān,必bì以yǐ死sǐ战zhàn。讨tǎo之zhī不bù胜shèng,为wéi难nán未wèi已yǐ;讨tǎo之zhī而ér胜shèng,是shì残cán一yī郡jùn之zhī民mín也yě。且qiě固gù等děng未wèi显xiǎn绝jué王wáng命mìng,外wài以yǐ请qǐng故gù君jūn为wéi名míng,必bì不bù害hài新xīn君jūn。吾wú单dān车chē直zhí往wǎng,出chū其qí不bù意yì,固gù为wéi人rén多duō计jì而ér无wú断duàn,必bì伪wěi受shòu吾wú。吾wú得dé居jū郡jùn一yī月yuè,以yǐ计jì縻mí之zhī,足zú矣yǐ。”遂suì诡guǐ道dào从cóng郖dòu津jīn度dù。范fàn先xiān欲yù杀shā畿jī以yǐ威wēi众zhòng,且qiě观guān畿jī去qù就jiù,于yú门mén下xià斩zhǎn杀shā主zhǔ簿bù已yǐ下xià三sān十shí馀yú人rén,畿jī举jǔ动dòng自zì若ruò。于yú是shì固gù曰yuē:“杀shā之zhī无wú损sǔn,徒tú有yǒu恶è名míng;且qiě制zhì之zhī在zài我wǒ。”遂suì奉fèng之zhī。畿jī谓wèi固gù、先xiān曰yuē:“卫wèi、范fàn,河hé东dōng之zhī望wàng也yě,吾wú仰yǎng成chéng而ér已yǐ。然rán君jūn固gù有yǒu定dìng义yì,成chéng败bài同tóng之zhī,大dà事shì当dāng共gòng平píng议yì。”以yǐ固gù为wéi都dū督dū,行háng丞chéng事shì,领lǐng功gōng曹cáo。将jiāng校xiào吏lì兵bīng三sān千qiān馀yú人rén,皆jiē范fàn先xiān督dū之zhī。固gù等děng喜xǐ,虽suī阳yáng事shì畿jī,不bù以yǐ为wéi意yì。固gù欲yù大dà发fā兵bīng,畿jī患huàn之zhī,说shuō固gù曰yuē:“今jīn大dà发fā兵bīng,众zhòng情qíng必bì扰rǎo,不bù如rú徐xú以yǐ赀zī募mù兵bīng。”固gù以yǐ为wéi然rán,从cóng之zhī,得dé兵bīng甚shèn少shǎo。畿jī又yòu喻yù固gù等děng曰yuē:“人rén情qíng顾gù家jiā,诸zhū将jiāng掾yuàn史shǐ,可kě分fēn遣qiǎn休xiū息xī,急jí缓huǎn召zhào之zhī不bù难nán。”固gù等děng恶è逆nì众zhòng心xīn,又yòu从cóng之zhī。于yú是shì善shàn人rén在zài外wài,阴yīn为wéi己jǐ援yuán;恶è人rén分fēn散sàn,各gè还huán其qí家jiā。

会huì白bái骑qí攻gōng东dōng垣yuán,高gāo幹gàn入rù濩huò泽zé。畿jī知zhī诸zhū县xiàn附fù己jǐ,乃nǎi出chū,单dān将jiāng数shù十shí骑qí,赴fù坚jiān壁bì而ér守shǒu之zhī,吏lì民mín多duō举jǔ城chéng且qiě畿jī者zhě,比bǐ数shù十shí日rì,得dé四sì千qiān馀yú人rén。固gù等děng与yǔ高gāo幹gàn、张zhāng晟shèng共gòng攻gōng畿jī,不bù下xià,略诸zhū县xiàn,无wú所suǒ得dé。曹cáo操cāo使shǐ议yì郎láng张zhāng既jì西xī征zhēng关guān中zhōng诸zhū将jiāng马mǎ腾téng等děng,皆jiē引yǐn兵bīng会huì击jī晟shèng等děng,破pò之zhī,斩zhǎn固gù、琰yǎn等děng着zhuó,其qí馀yú党dǎng与yǔ皆jiē赦shè之zhī。

于yú是shì杜dù畿jī治zhì河hé东dōng,务wù崇chóng宽kuān惠huì。民mín有yǒu辞cí讼sòng,畿jī为wéi陈chén义yì理lǐ,遣qiǎn归guī谛dì思sī之zhī,父fù老lǎo皆jiē自zì相xiāng责zé怒nù,不bù敢gǎn讼sòng。劝quàn耕gēng桑sāng,课kè畜xù牧mù,百bǎi姓xìng家jiā家jiā丰fēng实shí。然rán后hòu兴xīng学xué校xiào,举jǔ孝xiào弟dì,修戎róng事shì,讲jiǎng武wǔ备bèi,河hé东dōng遂suì安ān。畿jī在zài河hé东dōng十shí六liù年nián,常cháng为wéi天tiān下xià最zuì。

秘mì书shū监jiān、侍shì中zhōng荀xún悦yuè作zuò《申shēn鉴jiàn》五wǔ篇piān,奏zòu之zhī。悦yuè,爽shuǎng之zhī兄xiōng子zǐ也yě。时shí政zhèng在zài曹cáo氏shì,天tiān子zǐ恭gōng己jǐ,悦yuè志zhì在zài献xiàn替tì,而ér谋móu无wú所suǒ用yòng,故gù作zuò是shì书shū。其qí大dà略曰yuē:为wéi政zhèng之zhī术shù,先xiān屏píng四sì患huàn,乃nǎi崇chóng五wǔ政zhèng。伪wěi乱luàn欲yù,私sī坏huài法fǎ,放fàng越yuè轨guǐ,奢shē败bài制zhì:四sì者zhě不bù除chú,则zé政zhèng末mò由yóu行háng矣yǐ,是shì为wéi四sì患huàn。兴xīng农nóng桑sāng以yǐ养yǎng其qí生shēng,审shěn好hǎo恶è以yǐ正zhèng其qí俗sú,宣xuān文wén教jiào以yǐ章zhāng其qí化huà,立lì武wǔ备bèi以yǐ秉bǐng其qí威wēi,明míng常cháng罚fá以yǐ统tǒng其qí法fǎ,是shì谓wèi五wǔ政zhèng。人rén不bù畏wèi死sǐ,不bù可kě惧jù以yǐ罪zuì;人rén不bù乐lè生shēng,不bù可kě劝quàn以yǐ善shàn。故gù在zài上shàng者zhě,先xiān丰fēng民mín财cái以yǐ定dìng其qí志zhì,是shì谓wèi养yǎng生shēng。善shàn恶è要yào乎hū功gōng罪zuì,毁huǐ誉yù效xiào于yú准zhǔn验yàn,听tīng言yán责zé事shì,举jǔ名míng察chá实shí,无wú或huò作zuò伪wěi以yǐ荡dàng众zhòng心xīn。故gù欲yù无wú奸jiān怪guài,民mín无wú淫yín风fēng,是shì谓wèi正zhèng俗sú。荣róng辱rǔ者zhě,赏shǎng罚fá之zhī精jīng华huá也yě。故gù礼lǐ教jiào荣róng辱rǔ以yǐ加jiā君jūn子zǐ,化huà其qí情qíng也yě;桎zhì梏gù鞭biān扑pū以yǐ加jiā小xiǎo人rén,化huà其qí形xíng也yě。若ruò教jiào化huà之zhī废fèi,推tuī中zhōng人rén而ér坠zhuì于yú小xiǎo人rén之zhī域yù,教jiào化huà之zhī行háng,引yǐn中zhōng人rén而ér纳nà于yú君jūn子zǐ之zhī涂tú,是shì谓wèi章zhāng化huà。在zài上shàng者zhě必bì有yǒu武wǔ备bèi以yǐ戒jiè不bù虞yú,安ān居jū则zé寄jì之zhī内nèi政zhèng,有yǒu事shì则zé用yòng之zhī军jūn旅,是shì谓wèi秉bǐng威wēi。赏shǎng罚fá,政zhèng之zhī柄bǐng也yě。人rén主zhǔ不bù妄wàng赏shǎng,非fēi爱ài其qí财cái也yě,赏shǎng妄wàng行háng,则zé善shàn不bù劝quàn矣yǐ;不bù妄wàng罚fá,非fēi矜jīn其qí人rén也yě,罚fá妄wàng行háng,则zé恶è不bù惩chéng矣yǐ。赏shǎng不bù劝quàn,谓wèi之zhī止zhǐ善shàn,罚fá不bù惩chéng,谓wèi之zhī纵zòng恶è。在zài上shàng者zhě能néng不bù止zhǐ下xià为wéi善shàn,不bù纵zòng下xià为wéi恶è,则zé国guó法fǎ立lì矣yǐ。是shì谓wèi统tǒng法fǎ。四sì患huàn既jì蠲juān,五wǔ政zhèng又yòu立lì,行háng之zhī以yǐ诚chéng,守shǒu之zhī以yǐ固gù,简jiǎn而ér不bù怠dài,疏shū而ér不bù失shī,垂chuí拱gǒng揖yī让ràng,而ér海hǎi内nèi平píng矣yǐ。