为袁绍檄豫州文

汉 · 陈琳

左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn领lǐng豫yù州zhōu刺cì史shǐ郡jùn国guó相xiāng守shǒu:盖gài闻wén明míng主zhǔ图tú危wēi以yǐ制zhì变biàn,忠zhōng臣chén虑lǜ难nán以yǐ立lì权quán。是shì以yǐ有yǒu非fēi常cháng之zhī人rén,然rán后hòu有yǒu非fēi常cháng之zhī事shì;有yǒu非fēi常cháng之zhī事shì,然rán后hòu立lì非fēi常cháng之zhī功gōng。夫fū非fēi常cháng者zhě,故gù非fēi常cháng人rén所suǒ拟nǐ也yě。

曩nǎng者zhě,强qiáng秦qín弱ruò主zhǔ,赵zhào高gāo执zhí柄bǐng,专zhuān制zhì朝zhāo权quán,威wēi福fú由yóu己jǐ;时shí人rén迫pò胁xié,莫mò敢gǎn正zhèng言yán;终zhōng有yǒu望wàng夷yí之zhī败bài,祖zǔ宗zōng焚fén灭miè,污wū辱rǔ至zhì今jīn,永yǒng为wéi世shì鉴jiàn。及jí臻zhēn吕后hòu季jì年nián,产chǎn禄lù专zhuān政zhèng,内nèi兼jiān二èr军jūn,外wài统tǒng梁liáng、赵zhào;擅shàn断duàn万wàn机jī,决jué事shì省shěng禁jīn;下xià凌líng上shàng替tì,海hǎi内nèi寒hán心xīn。于yú是shì绛jiàng侯hóu朱zhū虚xū兴xīng兵bīng奋fèn怒nù,诛zhū夷yí逆nì暴bào,尊zūn立lì太tài宗zōng,故gù能néng王wáng道dào兴xīng隆lóng,光guāng明míng显xiǎn融róng。此cǐ则zé大dà臣chén立lì权quán之zhī明míng表biǎo也yě。

司sī空kōng曹cáo操cāo祖zǔ父fù中zhōng常cháng侍shì腾téng,与yǔ左zuǒ悺guàn、徐xú璜huáng并bìng作zuò妖yāo孽niè,饕tāo餮tiè放fàng横héng,伤shāng化huà虐民mín;父fù嵩sōng,乞qǐ丐gài携xié养yǎng,因yīn赃zāng假jiǎ位wèi,舆yú金jīn辇niǎn璧bì,输shū货huò权quán门mén,窃qiè盗dào鼎dǐng司sī,倾qīng覆fù重zhòng器qì。操cāo赘zhuì阉yān遗yí丑chǒu,本běn无wú懿yì德dé,犭quǎn票piào狡jiǎo锋fēng协xié,好hǎo乱luàn乐lè祸huò。幕mù府fǔ董dǒng统tǒng鹰yīng扬yáng,扫sǎo除chú凶xiōng逆nì;续xù遇yù董dǒng卓zhuó,侵qīn官guān暴bào国guó。于yú是shì提tí剑jiàn挥huī鼓gǔ,发fā命mìng东dōng夏xià,收shōu罗luó英yīng雄xióng,弃qì瑕xiá取qǔ用yòng,故gù遂suì与yǔ操cāo同tóng咨zī合hé谋móu,授shòu以yǐ裨bì师shī,谓wèi其qí鹰yīng犬quǎn之zhī才cái,爪zhǎo牙yá可kě任rèn。至zhì乃nǎi愚yú佻tiāo短duǎn略,轻qīng进jìn易yì退tuì,伤shāng夷yí折zhē衄nǜ,数shù丧sāng师shī徒tú。幕mù府fǔ辄zhé复fù分fēn兵bīng命mìng锐ruì,修完wán补bǔ辑jí,表biǎo行háng东dōng郡jùn,领lǐng兖yǎn州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,被bèi以yǐ虎hǔ文wén,奖jiǎng蹙cù威wēi柄bǐng,冀jì获huò秦qín师shī一yī克kè之zhī报bào。而ér操cāo遂suì承chéng资zī跋bá扈hù,肆sì行háng凶xiōng忒tè,割gē剥bāo元yuán元yuán,残cán贤xián害hài善shàn。故gù九江jiāng太tài守shǒu边biān让ràng,英yīng才cái俊jùn伟wěi,天tiān下xià知zhī名míng,直zhí言yán正zhèng色sè,论lùn不bù阿ā谄chǎn,身shēn首shǒu被bèi枭xiāo悬xuán之zhī诛zhū,妻qī孥nú受shòu灰huī灭miè之zhī咎jiù。自zì是shì士shì林lín愤fèn痛tòng,民mín怨yuàn弥mí重zhòng,一yī夫fū奋fèn臂bì,举jǔ州zhōu同tóng声shēng,故gù躬gōng破pò于yú徐xú方fāng,地dì夺duó于yú吕布bù,彷páng徨huáng东dōng裔yì,蹈dǎo据jù无wú所suǒ。幕mù府fǔ惟wéi强qiáng干gān弱ruò枝zhī之zhī义yì,且qiě不bù登dēng叛pàn人rén之zhī党dǎng,故gù复fù援yuán旌jīng擐huàn甲jiǎ,席xí卷juàn起qǐ征zhēng,金jīn鼓gǔ响xiǎng振zhèn,布bù众zhòng奔bēn沮jǔ;拯zhěng其qí死sǐ亡wáng之zhī患huàn,复fù其qí方fāng伯bó之zhī位wèi。则zé幕mù府fǔ无wú德dé于yú兖yǎn土tǔ之zhī民mín,而ér有yǒu大dà造zào于yú操cāo也yě。

后hòu会huì鸾luán贺hè反fǎn旆pèi,群qún虏lǔ寇kòu攻gōng。时shí冀jì州zhōu方fāng有yǒu北běi鄙bǐ之zhī警jǐng,匪fěi遑huáng离lí局jú,故gù使shǐ从cóng事shì中zhōng郎láng徐xú勋xūn,就jiù发fā遣qiǎn操cāo,使shǐ缮shàn修郊jiāo庙miào,翊yì卫wèi幼yòu主zhǔ。操cāo便biàn放fàng志zhì专zhuān行háng,胁xié迁qiān当dāng御yù省shěng禁jīn,卑bēi侮wǔ王wáng室shì,败bài法fǎ乱luàn纪jì,坐zuò领lǐng三sān台tái,专zhuān制zhì朝zhāo政zhèng;爵jué赏shǎng由yóu心xīn,刑xíng戮lù在zài口kǒu;所suǒ爱ài光guāng五wǔ宗zōng,所suǒ恶è灭miè三sān族zú;群qún谈tán者zhě受shòu显xiǎn诛zhū,腹fù议yì者zhě蒙mēng隐yǐn戮lù;百bǎi寮liáo钳qián口kǒu,道dào路lù以yǐ目mù;尚shàng书shū记jì朝zhāo会huì,公gōng卿qīng充chōng员yuán品pǐn而ér已yǐ。

故gù太tài尉wèi杨yáng彪biāo,典diǎn历lì二èr司sī,享xiǎng国guó极jí位wèi。操cāo因yīn缘yuán眦zì睚yá,被bèi以yǐ非fēi罪zuì;榜bǎng楚chǔ参cān并bìng,五wǔ毒dú备bèi至zhì;触chù情qíng任rèn忒tè,不bù顾gù宪xiàn网wǎng。又yòu议yì郎láng赵zhào彦yàn,忠zhōng谏jiàn直zhí言yán,义yì有yǒu可kě纳nà,是shì以yǐ圣shèng朝zhāo含hán听tīng,改gǎi容róng加jiā饰shì。操cāo欲yù迷mí夺duó时shí明míng,杜dù绝jué言yán路lù,擅shàn收shōu立lì杀shā,不bù俟sì报bào闻wén。又yòu梁liáng孝xiào王wáng先xiān帝dì母mǔ昆kūn,坟fén陵líng尊zūn显xiǎn;桑sāng梓zǐ松sōng柏bǎi,犹yóu宜yí肃sù恭gōng。而ér操cāo帅shuài将jiāng吏lì士shì,亲qīn临lín发fā掘jué,破pò棺guān裸luǒ尸shī,掠取qǔ金jīn宝bǎo。至zhì令líng圣shèng朝zhāo流涕tì,士shì民mín伤shāng怀huái!操cāo又yòu特tè置zhì发fā丘中zhōng郎láng将jiāng、摸mō金jīn校xiào尉wèi,所suǒ过guò隳huī突tū,无wú骸hái不bù露lòu。身shēn处chǔ三sān公gōng之zhī位wèi,而ér行háng桀jié虏lǔ之zhī态tài,污wū国guó虐民mín,毒dú施shī人rén鬼guǐ!加jiā其qí细xì政zhèng苛kē惨cǎn,科kē防fáng互hù设shè。罾zēng缴jiǎo充chōng蹊qī,坑kēng阱jǐng塞sāi路lù;举jǔ手shǒu挂guà网wǎng罗luó,动dòng足zú触chù机jī陷xiàn:是shì以yǐ兖yǎn、豫yù有yǒu无wú聊liáo之zhī民mín,帝dì都dū有yǒu吁xū嗟jiē之zhī怨yuàn。

历lì观guān载zǎi籍jí,无wú道dào之zhī臣chén,贪tān残cán酷kù烈liè,于yú操cāo为wéi甚shèn!幕mù府fǔ方fāng诘jié外wài奸jiān,未wèi及jí整zhěng训xùn;加jiā绪xù含hán容róng,冀jì可kě弥mí缝féng。而ér操cāo豺chái狼láng野yě心xīn,潜qián包bāo祸huò谋móu,乃nǎi欲yù摧cuī桡ráo栋dòng梁liáng,孤gū弱ruò汉hàn室shì,除chú灭miè忠zhōng正zhèng,专zhuān为wéi枭xiāo雄xióng。往wǎng者zhě伐fá鼓gǔ北běi征zhēng公gōng孙sūn瓒zàn,强qiáng寇kòu桀jié逆nì,拒jù围wéi一yī年nián。操cāo因yīn其qí未wèi破pò,阴yīn交jiāo书shū命mìng,外wài助zhù王wáng师shī,内nèi相xiāng掩yǎn袭xí。故gù引yǐn兵bīng造zào河hé,方fāng舟zhōu北běi济jì。会huì其qí行háng人rén发fā露lòu,瓒zàn亦yì枭xiāo夷yí,故gù使shǐ锋fēng芒máng挫cuò缩suō,厥jué图tú不bù果guǒ。尔ěr乃nǎi大dà军jūn过guò荡dàng西xī山shān,屠tú各gè、左zuǒ校xiào,皆jiē束shù手shǒu奉fèng质zhì,争zhēng为wéi前qián登dēng,犬quǎn羊yáng残cán丑chǒu,消xiāo沦lún山shān谷gǔ。于yú是shì操cāo师shī震zhèn慑shè,晨chén夜yè逋bū遁dùn,屯tún据jù敖áo仓cāng,阻zǔ河hé为wéi固gù,欲yù以yǐ螗táng蜋láng之zhī斧fǔ,御yù隆lóng车chē之zhī隧suì。幕mù府fǔ奉fèng汉hàn威wēi灵líng,折zhē冲chōng宇yǔ宙zhòu;长cháng戟jǐ百bǎi万wàn,胡hú骑qí千qiān群qún;奋fèn中zhōng黄huáng育yù获huò之zhī士shì,骋chěng良liáng弓gōng劲jìn弩nǔ之zhī势shì;并bìng州zhōu越yuè太tài行háng,青qīng州zhōu涉shè济jì漯luò;大dà军jūn泛fàn黄huáng河hé而ér角jiǎo其qí前qián,荆jīng州zhōu下xià宛wǎn叶yè而ér掎jǐ其qí后hòu。雷léi霆tíng虎hǔ步bù,并bìng集jí虏lǔ庭tíng,若ruò举jǔ炎yán火huǒ以yǐ概gài飞fēi蓬péng,覆fù沧cāng海hǎi以yǐ沃wò熛biāo炭tàn,有yǒu何hé不bù灭miè者zhě哉zāi!

又yòu操cāo军jūn吏lì士shì,其qí可kě战zhàn者zhě,皆jiē出chū自zì幽yōu冀jì,或huò故gù营yíng部bù曲qū,咸xián怨yuàn旷kuàng思sī归guī,流涕tì北běi顾gù。其qí余yú兖yǎn豫yù之zhī民mín,及jí吕布bù张zhāng扬yáng之zhī遗yí众zhòng,覆fù亡wáng迫pò胁xié,权quán时shí苟gǒu从cóng;各gè被bèi创chuàng夷yí,人rén为wéi雠chóu敌dí。若ruò回huí旆pèi方fāng徂cú,登dēng高gāo冈gāng而ér击jī鼓gǔ吹chuī,扬yáng素sù挥huī以yǐ启qǐ降jiàng路lù,必bì土tǔ崩bēng瓦wǎ解jiě,不bù俟sì血xiě刃rèn。

方fāng今jīn汉hàn室shì陵líng迟chí,纲gāng维wéi弛chí绝jué;圣shèng朝zhāo无wú一yī介jiè之zhī辅fǔ,股gǔ肱gōng无wú折zhē冲chōng之zhī势shì,方fāng畿jī之zhī内nèi,简jiǎn练liàn之zhī臣chén,皆jiē垂chuí头tóu搨tà翼yì,莫mò所suǒ凭píng恃shì。虽suī有yǒu忠zhōng义yì之zhī佐zuǒ,胁xié于yú暴bào虐之zhī臣chén,焉yān能néng展zhǎn其qí节jié?又yòu操cāo持chí部bù曲qū精jīng兵bīng七qī百bǎi,围wéi守shǒu宫gōng阙quē,外wài托tuō宿sù卫wèi,内nèi实shí拘jū执zhí。惧jù其qí篡cuàn逆nì之zhī萌méng,因yīn斯sī而ér作zuò。此cǐ乃nǎi忠zhōng臣chén肝gān脑nǎo涂tú地dì之zhī秋qiū,烈liè士shì立lì功gōng之zhī会huì,可kě不bù勖xù哉zāi!

操cāo又yòu矫jiǎo命mìng称chēng制zhì,遣qiǎn使shǐ发fā兵bīng。恐kǒng边biān远yuǎn州zhōu郡jùn,过guò听tīng而ér给gěi与yǔ,强qiáng寇kòu弱ruò主zhǔ,违wéi众zhòng旅叛pàn,举jǔ以yǐ丧sāng名míng,为wéi天tiān下xià笑xiào,则zé明míng哲zhé不bù取qǔ也yě。即jí日rì幽yōu并bìng青qīng冀jì四sì州zhōu并bìng进jìn,书shū到dào荆jīng州zhōu,便biàn勒lè见jiàn兵bīng,与yǔ建jiàn忠zhōng将jiāng军jūn协xié同tóng声shēng势shì。州zhōu郡jùn各gè整zhěng戎róng马mǎ,罗luó落là境jìng界jiè,举jǔ师shī扬yáng威wēi,并bìng匡kuāng社shè稷jì,则zé非fēi常cháng之zhī功gōng于yú是shì乎hū着zhuó。其qí得dé操cāo首shǒu者zhě,封fēng五wǔ千qiān户hù侯hóu,赏shǎng钱qián五wǔ千qiān万wàn。部bù曲qū偏piān裨bì将jiāng校xiào诸zhū吏lì降jiàng者zhě,勿wù有yǒu所suǒ问wèn。广guǎng宣xuān恩ēn信xìn,班bān扬yáng符fú赏shǎng,布bù告gào天tiān下xià,咸xián使shǐ知zhī圣shèng朝zhāo有yǒu拘jū逼bī之zhī难nán。如rú律lǜ令líng!

赏析
《为袁绍檄豫州文》汉魏时期陈琳作。是中国古代檄文名作之一,为历来文人胜赞。