却扫编·卷下

宋 · 徐度

京jīng城chéng士shì大dà夫fū自zì宰zǎi臣chén至zhì百bǎi执zhí事shì皆jiē乘chéng马mǎ出chū入rù,司sī马mǎ温wēn公gōng居jū相xiāng位wèi,以yǐ病bìng不bù能néng骑qí,乃nǎi诏zhào许xǔ肩jiān舆yú至zhì内nèi东dōng门mén,盖gài特tè恩ēn也yě。建jiàn炎yán初chū,驻zhù跸bì扬yáng州zhōu,以yǐ通tōng衢qú皆jiē砖zhuān甃zhòu霜shuāng滑huá不bù可kě以yǐ乘chéng马mǎ,特tè诏zhào百bǎi官guān悉xī用yòng肩jiān舆yú出chū入rù。范fàn文wén正zhèng公gōng自zì京jīng尹yǐn谪zhé守shǒu鄱pó阳yáng,作zuò堂táng于yú后hòu圃pǔ,名míng曰yuē「庆qìng朔shuò」。未wèi几jī易yì守shǒu丹dān阳yáng,有yǒu诗shī曰yuē:「庆qìng朔shuò堂táng前qián花huā自zì栽zāi,便biàn移yí官guān去qù未wèi曾zēng开kāi。如rú今jīn忆yì著zhù成chéng离lí恨hèn,只zhī托tuō春chūn风fēng管guǎn句jù来lái。」予yú昔xī官guān江jiāng东dōng,尝cháng至zhì其qí处chǔ,龛kān诗shī壁bì间jiān,郡jùn人rén犹yóu有yǒu能néng道dào当dāng时shí事shì者zhě,云yún:「春chūn风fēng,天tiān庆qìng观guān道dào士shì也yě,其qí所suǒ居jū之zhī室shì曰yuē『春chūn风fēng轩xuān』,因yīn以yǐ自zì名míng,公gōng在zài郡jùn时shí与yǔ之zhī游yóu,诗shī盖gài以yǐ寄jì道dào士shì云yún。」

汪wāng彦yàn章zhāng言yán:顷qǐng行háng淮huái西xī一yī驿yì舍shě,中zhōng壁bì间jiān有yǒu王wáng荆jīng公gōng题tí字zì曰yuē:「邮yóu亭tíng桥qiáo梁liáng不bù修,非fēi政zhèng之zhī善shàn;稀xī厨chú傅fù以yǐ称chēng过guò使shǐ客kè,又yòu于yú义yì有yǒu不bù足zú。」如rú此cǐ足zú矣yǐ。

欧ōu阳yáng文wén忠zhōng公gōng始shǐ自zì河hé北běi都dū转zhuǎn运yùn谪zhé守shǒu滁chú州zhōu,于yú琅láng邪xié山shān间jiān作zuò亭tíng,名míng曰yuē:「醉zuì翁wēng」,自zì为wéi之zhī记jì。其qí后hòu王wáng诏zhào守shǒu滁chú,请qǐng东dōng坡pō大dà书shū此cǐ记jì而ér刻kè之zhī,流布bù世shì间jiān,殆dài家jiā有yǒu之zhī,亭tíng名míng遂suì闻wén于yú天tiān下xià。政zhèng和hé中zhōng,唐táng少shǎo宰zǎi恪kè守shǒu滁chú,亦yì作zuò亭tíng山shān间jiān,名míng曰yuē「同tóng醉zuì」,自zì作zuò记jì,且qiě大dà书shū之zhī立lì石shí亭tíng上shàng,意yì以yǐ配pèi前qián人rén云yún。

东dōng坡pō既jì南nán窜cuàn,议yì者zhě复fù请qǐng悉xī除chú其qí所suǒ为wéi之zhī文wén,诏zhào从cóng之zhī。于yú是shì士shì大dà夫fū家jiā所suǒ藏cáng既jì莫mò敢gǎn出chū,而ér吏lì畏wèi祸huò,所suǒ在zài石shí刻kè多duō见jiàn毁huǐ。徐xú州zhōu黄huáng楼lóu东dōng坡pō所suǒ作zuò,而ér子zǐ由yóu为wéi之zhī赋fù,坡pō自zì书shū,时shí为wéi守shǒu者zhě独dú不bù忍rěn毁huǐ,但dàn投tóu其qí石shí城chéng豪háo中zhōng,而ér易yì楼lóu名míng「观guān风fēng」。宣xuān和hé末mò年nián,禁jīn稍shāo弛chí,而ér一yī时shí贵guì游yóu以yǐ蓄xù东dōng坡pō之zhī文wén相xiāng尚shàng,鬻yù者zhě大dà见jiàn售shòu,故gù工gōng人rén稍shāo稍shāo就jiù豪háo中zhōng摹mó此cǐ刻kè。有yǒu苗miáo仲zhòng先xiān者zhě适shì为wéi守shǒu,因yīn命mìng出chū之zhī,日rì夜yè摹mó印yìn,既jì得dé数shù千qiān本běn,忽hū语yǔ僚liáo属shǔ曰yuē:「苏sū氏shì之zhī学xué法fǎ禁jīn尚shàng在zài,此cǐ石shí奈nài何hé独dú存cún!」立lì碎suì之zhī,人rén闻wén石shí毁huǐ,墨mò本běn之zhī价jià益yì增zēng。仲zhòng先xiān秩zhì满mǎn,携xié至zhì京jīng师shī,尽jìn鬻yù之zhī,所suǒ获huò不bù赀zī。

国guó朝zhāo财cái赋fù之zhī入rù,两liǎng税shuì之zhī外wài多duō有yǒu因yīn事shì所suǒ增zēng,条tiáo目mù其qí繁fán,当dāng官guān者zhě既jì不bù能néng悉xī其qí详xiáng,吏lì因yīn得dé肆sì为wéi奸jiān利lì,民mín用yòng重zhòng困kùn。仁rén宗zōng朝zhāo,或huò请qǐng凡fán财cái赋fù窠kē名míng宜yí随suí类lèi并bìng合hé,使shǐ当dāng官guān者zhě易yì于yú省shěng察chá,可kě以yǐ绝jué吏lì奸jiān。论lùn者zhě皆jiē以yǐ其qí言yán为wéi然rán。时shí程chéng文wén简jiǎn公gōng琳lín为wéi三sān司sī使shǐ,独dú以yǐ为wéi不bù可kě,曰yuē:「今jīn随suí类lèi并bìng合hé,诚chéng为wéi简jiǎn便biàn,然rán既jì没méi其qí窠kē名míng,莫mò可kě稽jī考kǎo,他tā日rì有yǒu兴xīng利lì之zhī臣chén,必bì复fù增zēng之zhī,则zé病bìng民mín益yì甚shèn矣yǐ。」于yú是shì众zhòng莫mò能néng夺duó。

宗zōng室shì令líng畤zhì少shǎo有yǒu俊jùn名míng,一yī时shí名míng士shì多duō与yǔ之zhī游yóu。元yuán右yòu间jiān执zhí政zhèng荐jiàn之zhī帘lián前qián,欲yù用yòng以yǐ为wéi馆guǎn职zhí,曰yuē:「令líng畤zhì非fēi特tè文wén学xué可kě称chēng,吏lì能néng亦yì自zì精jīng敏mǐn,其qí为wéi人rén材cái实shí未wèi易yì得dé。」宣xuān仁rén后hòu曰yuē:「皇huáng亲qīn家jiā惺xīng惺xīng者zhě直zhí是shì惺xīng惺xīng,但dàn不bù知zhī德dé行háng如rú何hé,不bù如rú更gēng少shǎo待dài。」于yú是shì遂suì止zhǐ。建jiàn炎yán间jiān,余yú避bì地dì饶ráo州zhōu之zhī德dé兴xīng县xiàn,令líng畤zhì时shí亦yì在zài焉yān,自zì言yán如rú此cǐ。

国guó朝zhāo制zhì科kē初chū因yīn唐táng制zhì,有yǒu贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng能néng直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn经jīng学xué优yōu深shēn可kě为wéi师shī法fǎ,详xiáng明míng吏lì理lǐ、达dá于yú教jiào化huà,凡fán三sān科kē,应yīng内nèi外wài职zhí官guān前qián资zī见jiàn任rèn、黄huáng衣yī、草cǎo泽zé人rén并bìng许xǔ诸zhū州zhōu,及jí本běn司sī解jiě送sòng上shàng吏lì部bù,对duì御yù试shì策cè一yī道dào,限xiàn三sān千qiān字zì以yǐ上shàng。咸xián平píng中zhōng,又yòu诏zhào文wén臣chén于yú内nèi外wài幕mù职zhí,州zhōu县xiàn官guān及jí草cǎo泽zé中zhōng举jǔ贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng各gè一yī人rén。景jǐng德dé中zhōng,又yòu诏zhào置zhì贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng能néng直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn、博bó通tōng坟fén典diǎn达dá于yú教jiào化huà、才cái识shí兼jiān茂mào明míng于yú体tǐ用yòng、武wǔ足zú安ān边biān洞dòng明míng韬tāo略、运yùn筹chóu决jué胜shèng军jūn谋móu宏hóng远yuǎn材cái任rèn边biān寄jì、详xiáng明míng吏lì理lǐ达dá于yú从cóng政zhèng等děng六liù科kē。大dà圣shèng七qī年nián,夏xià诏zhào应yīng内nèi外wài京jīng朝zhāo官guān,不bù带dài台tái省shěng馆guǎn阁gé职zhí事shì、不bù曾zēng犯fàn赃zāng罪zuì及jí私sī罪zuì、情qíng理lǐ轻qīng者zhě,并bìng许xǔ少shǎo卿qīng监jiān以yǐ上shàng奏zòu举jǔ,或huò自zì进jìn状zhuàng,乞qǐ应yīng前qián六liù科kē,仍réng先xiān进jìn所suǒ业yè策cè论lùn十shí卷juàn,卷juàn五wǔ道dào。候hòu到dào,下xià两liǎng省shěng看kàn详xiáng,如rú词cí理lǐ优yōu长cháng堪kān应yīng制zhì科kē,具jù名míng闻wén奏zòu。差chà官guān考kǎo试shì,论lùn六liù首shǒu。合hé格gé,即jí御yù试shì策cè一yī道dào。又yòu置zhì高gāo蹈dǎo丘园yuán、沉chén沦lún草cǎo泽zé、茂mào才cái异yì等děng三sān科kē,应yīng草cǎo泽zé及jí贡gòng举jǔ人rén非fēi工gōng商shāng杂zá类lèi者zhě并bìng许xǔ本běn处chǔ转zhuǎn运yùn司sī、逐zhú州zhōu长cháng吏lì奏zòu举jǔ或huò于yú本běn贯guàn投tóu状zhuàng乞qǐ应yīng,州zhōu县xiàn体tǐ量liáng有yǒu行háng止zhǐ别bié无wú玷diàn犯fàn者zhě,即jí纳nà所suǒ业yè策cè论lùn十shí卷juàn,卷juàn五wǔ道dào,看kàn详xiáng,词cí理lǐ稍shāo优yōu即jí上shàng转zhuǎn运yùn司sī,审shěn察chá乡xiāng里lǐ名míng誉yù,于yú部bù内nèi选xuǎn有yǒu文wén学xué官guān再zài看kàn详xiáng,实shí有yǒu文wén行háng可kě称chēng者zhě,即jí以yǐ文wén卷juàn送sòng礼lǐ部bù委wěi主zhǔ判pàn官guān看kàn详xiáng,选xuǎn词cí理lǐ优yōu长cháng者zhě具jù名míng闻wén奏zòu。余yú如rú贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng等děng六liù科kē,熙xī宁níng中zhōng悉xī罢bà之zhī,而ér令líng进jìn士shì廷tíng试shì,罢bà三sān题tí而ér试shì策cè一yī道dào。建jiàn炎yán间jiān诏zhào复fù贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng一yī科kē,然rán未wèi有yǒu应yīng诏zhào者zhě。

哲zhé宗zōng初chū眷juàn遇yù范fàn忠zhōng宣xuān公gōng最zuì厚hòu,元yuán右yòu末mò再zài相xiāng。属shǔ宣xuān仁rén上shàng仙xiān,以yǐ旧jiù臣chén例lì请qǐng退tuì,上shàng再zài三sān坚jiān留之zhī,不bù可kě,则zé以yǐ观guān文wén殿diàn大dà学xué士shì知zhī陈chén州zhōu。陛bì辞cí,上shàng面miàn谕yù曰yuē:「有yǒu所suǒ欲yù言yán,附fù递dì以yǐ闻wén。」至zhì陈chén久之zhī。时shí元yuán右yòu用yòng事shì之zhī臣chén投tóu窜cuàn江jiāng湖hú皆jiē已yǐ逾yú岁suì,即jí上shàng章zhāng恳kěn论lùn请qǐng悉xī放fàng还huán,其qí辞cí略曰yuē:「窃qiè见jiàn吕大dà防fáng等děng窜cuàn谪zhé江jiāng湖hú,已yǐ更gēng年nián祀sì,未wèi蒙mēng恩ēn旨zhǐ,久困kùn拘jū囚。其qí人rén等děng或huò年nián齿chǐ衰shuāi残cán,或huò素sù萦yíng疾jí病bìng,不bù谙ān水shuǐ土tǔ,气qì血xiě向xiàng衰shuāi,骨gǔ肉ròu分fēn离lí,举jǔ目mù无wú告gào。将jiāng恐kǒng殒yǔn先xiān朝zhāo露lòu,客kè死sǐ异yì乡xiāng,不bù惟wéi上shàng轸zhěn圣shèng怀huái,亦yì恐kǒng有yǒu伤shāng和hé气qì。恭gōng惟wéi陛bì下xià圣shèng心xīn仁rén厚hòu,天tiān纵zòng慈cí明míng,岂qǐ有yǒu股gǔ肱gōng近jìn臣chén,簪zān履归guī物wù,肯kěn忘wàng轸zhěn恻cè,常cháng俾bǐ流离lí?但dàn恐kǒng一yī二èr执zhí政zhèng之zhī臣chén记jì其qí往wǎng事shì