汉书 · 传 · 赵充国辛庆忌传

汉 · 班固

赵zhào充chōng国guó字zì翁wēng孙sūn,陇lǒng西xī上shàng邽guī人rén也yě,后hòu徙xǐ金jīn城chéng邻lín居jū。始shǐ为wéi骑qí士shì,以yǐ六liù郡jùn良liáng家jiā子zǐ善shàn骑qí射shè补bǔ羽yǔ林lín。为wéi人rén沉chén勇yǒng有yǒu大dà略,少shǎo好hǎo将jiāng帅shuài之zhī节jié,而ér学xué兵bīng法fǎ,通tōng知zhī四sì夷yí事shì。

武wǔ帝dì时shí,以yǐ假jiǎ司sī马mǎ从cóng贰èr师shī将jiāng军jūn击jī匈xiōng奴nú,大dà为wéi虏lǔ所suǒ围wéi。汉hàn军jūn乏fá食shí数shù日rì,死sǐ伤shāng者zhě多duō,充chōng国guó乃nǎi与yǔ壮zhuàng士shì百bǎi余yú人rén溃kuì围wéi陷xiàn陈chén,贰èr师shī引yǐn兵bīng随suí之zhī,遂suì得dé解jiě。身shēn被bèi二èr十shí余yú创chuàng,贰èr师shī奏zòu状zhuàng,诏zhào征zhēng充chōng国guó诣yì行háng在zài所suǒ。武wǔ帝dì亲qīn见jiàn视shì其qí创chuàng,嗟jiē叹tàn之zhī,拜bài为wéi中zhōng郎láng,迁qiān连lián骑qí将jiāng军jūn长cháng史shǐ。

昭zhāo帝dì时shí,武wǔ都dū氐dī人rén反fǎn,充chōng国guó以yǐ大dà将jiāng军jūn、护hù军jūn都dū尉wèi将jiāng兵bīng击jī定dìng之zhī,迁qiān中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,将jiāng屯tún上shàng谷gǔ,还huán为wéi水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi。击jī匈xiōng奴nú,获huò西xī祁qí王wáng,擢zhuó为wéi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,兼jiān水shuǐ衡héng如rú故gù。

与yǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng定dìng册cè尊zūn立lì宣xuān帝dì,封fēng营yíng平píng侯hóu。本běn始shǐ中zhōng,为wéi蒲pú类lèi将jiāng军jūn征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú,斩zhǎn虏lǔ数shù百bǎi级jí,还huán为wéi后hòu将jiāng军jūn、少shǎo府fǔ。匈xiōng奴nú大dà发fā十shí余yú万wàn骑qí,南nán旁páng塞sāi,至zhì符fú奚xī庐lú山shān,欲yù入rù为wéi寇kòu。亡wáng者zhě题tí除chú渠qú堂táng降jiàng汉hàn言yán之zhī,遣qiǎn充chōng国guó将jiāng四sì万wàn骑qí屯tún缘yuán边biān九郡jùn。单dān于yú闻wén之zhī,引yǐn去qù。

是shì时shí,光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū义yì渠qú安ān国guó使shǐ行háng诸zhū羌qiāng,先xiān零líng豪háo言yán愿yuàn时shí渡dù湟huáng水shuǐ北běi,逐zhú民mín所suǒ不bù田tián处chǔ畜xù牧mù。安ān国guó以yǐ闻wén。充chōng国guó劾hé安ān国guó奉fèng使shǐ不bù敬jìng。是shì后hòu,羌qiāng人rén旁páng缘yuán前qián言yán,抵dǐ冒mào渡dù湟huáng水shuǐ,郡jùn县xiàn不bù能néng禁jīn。元yuán康kāng三sān年nián,先xiān零líng遂suì与yǔ诸zhū羌qiāng种zhǒng豪háo二èr百bǎi余yú人rén解jiě仇chóu交jiāo质zhì盟méng诅zǔ。上shàng闻wén之zhī,以yǐ问wèn充chōng国guó,对duì曰yuē:“羌qiāng人rén所suǒ以yǐ易yì制zhì者zhě,以yǐ其qí种zhǒng自zì有yǒu豪háo,数shù相xiāng攻gōng击jī,势shì不bù一yī也yě。往wǎng三sān十shí余yú岁suì,西xī羌qiāng反fǎn时shí,亦yì先xiān解jiě仇chóu合hé约yuē攻gōng令líng居jū,与yǔ汉hàn相xiāng距jù,五wǔ六liù年nián乃nǎi定dìng。至zhì征zhēng和hé五wǔ年nián,先xiān零líng豪háo封fēng煎jiān等děng通tōng使shǐ匈xiōng奴nú,匈xiōng奴nú使shǐ人rén至zhì小xiǎo月yuè氏shì,传chuán告gào诸zhū羌qiāng曰yuē:‘汉hàn贰èr师shī将jiāng军jūn众zhòng十shí余yú万wàn人rén降jiàng匈xiōng奴nú。羌qiāng人rén为wéi汉hàn事shì苦kǔ。张zhāng掖yè、酒泉quán本běn我wǒ地dì,地dì肥féi美měi,可kě共gòng击jī居jū之zhī。’以yǐ此cǐ观guān匈xiōng奴nú欲yù与yǔ羌qiāng合hé,非fēi一yī世shì也yě。间jiān者zhě匈xiōng奴nú困kùn于yú西xī方fāng,闻wén乌wū桓huán来lái保bǎo塞sāi,恐kǒng兵bīng复fù从cóng东dōng方fāng起qǐ,数shù使shǐ使shǐ尉wèi黎lí、危wēi须xū诸zhū国guó,设shè以yǐ子zǐ女nǚ貂diāo裘,欲yù沮jǔ解jiě之zhī。其qí计jì不bù合hé。疑yí匈xiōng奴nú更gēng遣qiǎn使shǐ至zhì羌qiāng中zhōng,道dào从cóng沙shā阴yīn地dì,出chū盐yán泽zé,过guò长cháng坑kēng,入rù穷qióng水shuǐ塞sāi,南nán抵dǐ属shǔ国guó,与yǔ先xiān零líng相xiāng直zhí。臣chén恐kǒng羌qiāng变biàn未wèi止zhǐ此cǐ,且qiě复fù结jié联lián他tā种zhǒng,宜yí及jí未wèi然rán为wéi之zhī备bèi。”后hòu月yuè余yú,羌qiāng侯hóu狼láng何hé果guǒ遣qiǎn使shǐ至zhì匈xiōng奴nú借jiè兵bīng,欲yù击jī善shàn阝fǔ善shàn、敦dūn煌huáng以yǐ绝jué汉hàn道dào。充chōng国guó以yǐ为wéi:“狼láng何hé,小xiǎo月yuè氏shì种zhǒng,在zài阳yáng光guāng西xī南nán,势shì不bù能néng独dú造zào此cǐ计jì,疑yí匈xiōng奴nú使shǐ已yǐ至zhì羌qiāng中zhōng,先xiān零líng、罕hǎn、开kāi乃nǎi解jiě仇chóu作zuò约yuē。到dào秋qiū马mǎ肥féi,变biàn必bì起qǐ矣yǐ。宜yí遣qiǎn使shǐ者zhě行háng边biān兵bīng豫yù为wéi备bèi,敕chì视shì诸zhū羌qiāng,毋wú令líng解jiě仇chóu,以yǐ发fā觉jué其qí谋móu。”于yú是shì两liǎng府fǔ复fù白bái遣qiǎn义yì渠qú安ān国guó行háng视shì诸zhū羌qiāng,分fēn别bié善shàn恶è。安ān国guó至zhì,召zhào先xiān零líng诸zhū豪háo三sān十shí余yú人rén,以yǐ尤yóu桀jié黠xiá,皆jiē斩zhǎn之zhī。纵zòng兵bīng击jī其qí种zhǒng人rén,斩zhǎn首shǒu千qiān余yú级jí。于yú是shì诸zhū降jiàng羌qiāng及jí归guī义yì羌qiāng侯hóu杨yáng玉yù等děng恐kǒng怒nù,亡wáng所suǒ信xìn乡xiāng,遂suì劫jié略小xiǎo种zhǒng,背bèi畔pàn犯fàn塞sāi,攻gōng城chéng邑yì,杀shā长cháng吏lì。安ān国guó以yǐ骑qí都dū尉wèi将jiāng骑qí三sān千qiān屯tún备bèi羌qiāng,至zhì浩hào亹wěi,为wéi虏lǔ所suǒ击jī,失shī亡wáng车chē重zhòng兵bīng器qì甚shèn众zhòng。安ān国guó引yǐn还huán,至zhì令líng居jū,以yǐ闻wén。是shì岁suì,神shén爵jué元yuán年nián春chūn也yě。

时shí,充chōng国guó年nián七qī十shí余yú,上shàng老lǎo之zhī,使shǐ御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū丙bǐng吉jí问wèn谁shuí可kě将jiāng者zhě,充chōng国guó对duì曰yuē:“亡wáng逾yú于yú老lǎo臣chén者zhě矣yǐ。”上shàng遣qiǎn问wèn焉yān,曰yuē:“将jiāng军jūn度dù羌qiāng虏lǔ何hé如rú,当dāng用yòng几jī人rén?”充chōng国guó曰yuē:“百bǎi闻wén不bù如rú一yī见jiàn。兵bīng难nán逾yú度dù,臣chén愿yuàn驰chí至zhì金jīn城chéng,图tú上shàng方fāng略。然rán羌qiāng戎róng小xiǎo夷yí,逆nì天tiān背bèi畔pàn,灭miè亡wáng不bù久,愿yuàn陛bì下xià以yǐ属shǔ老lǎo臣chén,勿wù以yǐ为wéi忧yōu。”上shàng笑xiào曰yuē:“诺nuò。”

充chōng国guó至zhì金jīn城chéng,须xū兵bīng满mǎn万wàn骑qí,欲yù渡dù河hé,恐kǒng为wéi虏lǔ所suǒ遮zhē,即jí夜yè遣qiǎn三sān校xiào衔xián枚méi先xiān渡dù,渡dù辄zhé营yíng陈chén,会huì明míng,毕bì,遂suì以yǐ次cì尽jìn渡dù。虏lǔ数shù十shí百bǎi骑qí来lái,出chū入rù军jūn傍bàng。充chōng国guó曰yuē:“吾wú士shì马mǎ新xīn倦juàn,不bù可kě驰chí逐zhú。此cǐ皆jiē骁xiāo骑qí难nán制zhì,又yòu恐kǒng其qí为wéi诱yòu兵bīng也yě。击jī虏lǔ以yǐ殄tiǎn灭miè为wéi期qī,小xiǎo利lì不bù足zú贪tān。”令líng军jūn勿wù击jī。遣qiǎn骑qí候hòu四sì望wàng狭xiá中zhōng,亡wáng虏lǔ。夜yè引yǐn兵bīng上shàng至zhì落là都dū,召zhào诸zhū校xiào司sī马mǎ,谓wèi曰yuē:“吾wú知zhī羌qiāng虏lǔ不bù能néng为wéi兵bīng矣yǐ。使shǐ虏lǔ发fā数shù千qiān人rén守shǒu杜dù四sì望wàng狭xiá中zhōng,兵bīng岂qǐ得dé入rù哉zāi!”充chōng国guó常cháng以yǐ远yuǎn斥chì候hòu为wéi务wù,行háng必bì为wéi战zhàn务wù,止zhǐ必bì坚jiān营yíng壁bì,尤yóu能néng持chí重zhòng,爱ài士shì卒zú,先xiān计jì而ér后hòu战zhàn。遂suì西xī至zhì西xī部bù都dū尉wèi府fǔ,日rì飨xiǎng军jūn士shì,士shì皆jiē欲yù为wéi用yòng。虏lǔ数shù挑tiāo战zhàn,充chōng国guó坚jiān守shǒu。捕bǔ得dé生shēng口kǒu,言yán羌qiāng豪háo相xiāng数shù责zé曰yuē:“语yǔ汝rǔ亡wáng反fǎn,今jīn天tiān子zǐ遣qiǎn赵zhào将jiāng军jūn来lái,年nián八bā九十shí矣yǐ,善shàn为wéi兵bīng。今jīn请qǐng欲yù一yī斗dǒu而ér死sǐ,可kě得dé邪xié!”

充chōng国guó子zǐ右yòu曹cáo中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng,将jiāng期qī门mén佽cì飞fēi、羽yǔ林lín孤gū儿ér、胡hú越yuè骑qí为wéi支zhī兵bīng,至zhì令líng居jū,虏lǔ并bìng出chū绝jué转zhuǎn道dào,卬yǎng以yǐ闻wén。有yǒu诏zhào将jiāng八bā校xiào尉wèi与yǔ骁xiāo骑qí都dū尉wèi、金jīn城chéng太tài守shǒu合hé疏shū捕bǔ山shān间jiān虏lǔ,通tōng转zhuǎn道dào津jīn渡dù。

初chū,罕hǎn、开kāi豪háo靡mí当dāng儿ér使shǐ弟dì雕diāo库kù来lái告gào都dū尉wèi曰yuē先xiān零líng欲yù反fǎn,后hòu数shù日rì果guǒ反fǎn。雕diāo库kù种zhǒng人rén颇pō在zài先xiān零líng中zhōng,都dū尉wèi即jí留雕diāo库kù为wéi质zhì。充chōng国guó以yǐ为wéi亡wáng罪zuì,乃nǎi遣qiǎn归guī告gào种zhǒng豪háo:“大dà兵bīng诛zhū有yǒu罪zuì者zhě,明míng白bái自zì别bié,毋wú取qǔ并bìng灭miè。天tiān子zǐ告gào诸zhū羌qiāng人rén,犯fàn法fǎ者zhě能néng相xiāng捕bǔ斩zhǎn,除chú罪zuì。斩zhǎn大dà豪háo有yǒu罪zuì者zhě一yī人rén,赐cì钱qián四sì十shí万wàn,中zhōng豪háo十shí五wǔ万wàn,下xià豪háo二èr万wàn,大dà男nán三sān千qiān,女nǚ子zǐ及jí老lǎo小xiǎo千qiān钱qián,又yòu以yǐ其qí所suǒ捕bǔ妻qī子zǐ财cái物wù尽jìn与yǔ之zhī。”充chōng国guó计jì欲yù以yǐ威wēi信xìn招zhāo降jiàng罕hǎn、开kāi及jí劫jié略者zhě,解jiě散sàn虏lǔ谋móu,徼jiǎo极jí乃nǎi击jī之zhī。

时shí,上shàng已yǐ发fā三sān辅fǔ、太tài常cháng徒tú弛chí刑xíng,三sān河hé、颍yǐng川chuān、沛pèi郡jùn、淮huái阳yáng、汝rǔ南nán材cái官guān,金jīn城chéng、陇lǒng西xī、天tiān水shuǐ、安ān定dìng、北běi地dì、上shàng郡jùn骑qí士shì、羌qiāng骑qí,与yǔ武wǔ威wēi、张zhāng掖yè、酒泉quán太tài守shǒu各gè屯tún其qí郡jùn者zhě,合hé六liù万wàn人rén矣yǐ。酒泉quán太tài守shǒu辛xīn武wǔ贤xián奏zòu言yán:“郡jùn兵bīng皆jiē屯tún备bèi南nán出chū,北běi边biān空kōng虚xū,势shì不bù可kě久。或huò日rì至zhì秋qiū冬dōng乃nǎi进jìn兵bīng,此cǐ虏lǔ在zài竟jìng外wài之zhī册cè。今jīn虏lǔ朝zhāo夕xī为wéi寇kòu,土tǔ地dì寒hán苦kǔ,汉hàn马mǎ不bù能néng冬dōng,屯tún兵bīng在zài武wǔ威wēi、张zhāng掖yè、酒泉quán万wàn骑qí以yǐ上shàng,皆jiē多duō羸léi瘦shòu。可kě益yì马mǎ食shí,以yǐ七qī月yuè上shàng旬xún赍jī三sān十shí日rì粮liáng,分fēn兵bīng并bìng出chū张zhāng掖yè、酒泉quán合hé击jī罕hǎn、开kāi在zài鲜xiān水shuǐ上shàng者zhě。虏lǔ以yǐ畜xù产chǎn为wéi命mìng,今jīn皆jiē离lí散sàn,兵bīng即jí分fēn出chū,虽suī不bù能néng尽jìn诛zhū,亶dǎn夺duó其qí畜xù产chǎn,虏lǔ其qí妻qī子zǐ,复fù引yǐn兵bīng还huán,冬dōng复fù击jī之zhī,大dà兵bīng仍réng出chū,虏lǔ必bì震zhèn坏huài。”

天tiān子zǐ下xià其qí书shū充chōng国guó,令líng与yǔ校xiào尉wèi以yǐ下xià吏lì士shì知zhī羌qiāng事shì者zhě博bó议yì。充chōng国guó及jí长cháng史shǐ董dǒng通tōng年nián以yǐ为wéi:“武wǔ贤xián欲yù轻qīng引yǐn万wàn骑qí,分fēn为wéi两liǎng道dào出chū张zhāng掖yè,回huí远yuǎn千qiān里lǐ。以yǐ一yī马mǎ自zì佗tuó负fù三sān十shí日rì食shí,为wéi米mǐ二èr斛hú四sì斗dǒu,麦mài八bā斛hú,又yòu有yǒu衣yī装zhuāng兵bīng器qì,难nán以yǐ追zhuī逐zhú。勤qín劳láo而ér至zhì,虏lǔ必bì商shāng军jūn进jìn退tuì,稍shāo引yǐn去qù,逐zhú水shuǐ草cǎo,入rù山shān林lín。随suí而ér深shēn入rù,虏lǔ即jí据jù前qián险xiǎn,守shǒu后hòu厄è,以yǐ绝jué粮liáng道dào,必bì有yǒu伤shāng危wēi之zhī忧yōu,为wéi夷yí狄dí笑xiào,千qiān载zǎi不bù可kě复fù。而ér武wǔ贤xián以yǐ为wéi可kě夺duó其qí畜xù产chǎn,虏lǔ其qí妻qī子zǐ,此cǐ殆dài空kōng言yán,非fēi至zhì计jì也yě。又yòu武wǔ威wēi县xiàn、张zhāng掖yè日rì勒lè皆jiē当dāng北běi塞sāi,有yǒu通tōng谷gǔ水shuǐ草cǎo。臣chén恐kǒng匈xiōng奴nú与yǔ羌qiāng有yǒu谋móu,且qiě欲yù大dà入rù,幸xìng能néng要yào杜dù张zhāng掖yè、酒泉quán以yǐ绝jué西xī域yù,其qí郡jùn兵bīng尤yóu不bù可kě发fā。先xiān零líng首shǒu为wéi畔pàn逆nì,它tā种zhǒng劫jié略。故gù臣chén愚yú册cè,欲yù捐juān罕hǎn、开kāi暗àn昧mèi之zhī过guò,隐yǐn而ér勿wù章zhāng,先xiān行háng先xiān零líng之zhī诛zhū以yǐ震zhèn动dòng之zhī,宜yí悔huǐ过guò反fǎn善shàn,因yīn赦shè其qí罪zuì,选xuǎn择zé良liáng吏lì知zhī其qí俗sú者zhě捬fǔ循xún和hé辑jí,此cǐ全quán师shī保bǎo胜shèng安ān边biān之zhī册cè。”天tiān子zǐ下xià其qí书shū。公gōng卿qīng议yì者zhě咸xián以yǐ为wéi先xiān零líng兵bīng盛shèng,而ér负fù罕hǎn、开kāi之zhī助zhù,不bù先xiān破pò罕hǎn、开kāi,则zé先xiān零líng未wèi可kě图tú也yě。

上shàng乃nǎi拜bài侍shì中zhōng乐lè成chéng侯hóu许xǔ延yán寿shòu为wéi强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn,即jí拜bài酒泉quán太tài守shǒu武wǔ贤xián为wéi破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn,赐cì玺xǐ书shū嘉jiā纳nà其qí册cè。以yǐ书shū敕chì让ràng充chōng国guó曰yuē:

皇huáng帝dì问wèn后hòu将jiāng军jūn,甚shèn苦kǔ暴bào露lòu。将jiāng军jūn计jì欲yù至zhì正zhèng月yuè乃nǎi击jī罕hǎn羌qiāng,羌qiāng人rén当dāng获huò麦mài,已yǐ远yuǎn其qí妻qī子zǐ,精jīng兵bīng万wàn人rén欲yù为wéi酒泉quán、敦dūn煌huáng寇kòu。边biān兵bīng少shǎo,民mín守shǒu保bǎo不bù得dé田tián作zuò。今jīn张zhāng掖yè以yǐ东dōng粟sù石shí百bǎi余yú,刍chú槁gǎo束shù数shù十shí。转zhuǎn输shū并bìng起qǐ,百bǎi姓xìng烦fán扰rǎo。将jiāng军jūn将jiāng万wàn余yú之zhī众zhòng,不bù早zǎo及jí秋qiū共gòng水shuǐ草cǎo之zhī利lì争zhēng其qí畜xù食shí,欲yù至zhì冬dōng,虏lǔ皆jiē当dāng畜xù食shí,多duō藏cáng匿nì山shān中zhōng依yī险xiǎn阻zǔ,将jiāng军jūn士shì寒hán,手shǒu足zú皲jūn瘃zhú,宁níng有yǒu利lì哉zāi?将jiāng军jūn不bù念niàn中zhōng国guó之zhī费fèi,欲yù以yǐ岁suì数shù而ér胜shèng微wēi,将jiāng军jūn谁shuí不bù乐lè此cǐ者zhě!

今jīn诏zhào破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn武wǔ贤xián将jiāng兵bīng六liù千qiān一yī百bǎi人rén,敦dūn煌huáng太tài守shǒu快kuài将jiāng二èr千qiān人rén,长cháng水shuǐ校xiào尉wèi富fù昌chāng、酒泉quán候hòu奉fèng世shì将jiāng婼ruò、月yuè氏shì兵bīng四sì千qiān人rén,亡wáng虑lǜ万wàn二èr千qiān人rén。赍jī三sān十shí日rì食shí,以yǐ七qī月yuè二èr十shí二èr日rì击jī罕hǎn羌qiāng,入rù鲜xiān水shuǐ北běi句jù廉lián上shàng,去qù酒泉quán八bā百bǎi里lǐ,去qù将jiāng军jūn可kě千qiān二èr百bǎi里lǐ。将jiāng军jūn其qí引yǐn兵bīng便biàn道dào西xī并bìng进jìn,虽suī不bù相xiāng及jí,使shǐ虏lǔ闻wén东dōng方fāng北běi方fāng兵bīng并bìng来lái,分fēn散sàn其qí心xīn意yì,离lí其qí党dǎng与yǔ,虽suī不bù能néng殄tiǎn灭miè,当dāng有yǒu瓦wǎ解jiě者zhě。已yǐ诏zhào中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng将jiāng胡hú越yuè佽cì飞fēi射shè士shì步bù兵bīng二èr校xiào尉wèi,益yì将jiāng军jūn兵bīng。

今jīn五wǔ星xīng出chū东dōng方fāng,中zhōng国guó大dà利lì,蛮mán夷yí大dà败bài。太tài白bái出chū高gāo,用yòng兵bīng深shēn入rù敢gǎn战zhàn者zhě吉jí,弗fú敢gǎn战zhàn者zhě凶xiōng。将jiāng军jūn急jí装zhuāng,因yīn天tiān时shí,诛zhū不bù义yì,万wàn下xià必bì全quán,勿wù复fù有yǒu疑yí。

充chōng国guó既jì得dé让ràng,以yǐ为wéi将jiāng任rèn兵bīng在zài外wài,便biàn宜yí有yǒu守shǒu,以yǐ安ān国guó家jiā。乃nǎi上shàng书shū谢xiè罪zuì,因yīn陈chén兵bīng利lì害hài,曰yuē:

臣chén窃qiè见jiàn骑qí都dū尉wèi安ān国guó前qián幸xìng赐cì书shū,择zé羌qiāng人rén可kě使shǐ使shǐ罕hǎn、谕yù告gào以yǐ大dà军jūn当dāng至zhì,汉hàn不bù诛zhū罕hǎn,以yǐ解jiě其qí谋móu。恩ēn泽zé甚shèn厚hòu,非fēi臣chén下xià所suǒ能néng及jí。臣chén独dú私sī美měi陛bì下xià盛shèng德dé至zhì计jì亡wáng已yǐ,故gù遣qiǎn开kāi豪háo雕diāo库kù宣xuān天tiān子zǐ至zhì德dé,罕hǎn、开kāi之zhī属shǔ皆jiē闻wén知zhī明míng诏zhào。今jīn先xiān零líng羌qiāng杨yáng玉yù将jiāng骑qí四sì千qiān及jí煎jiān骑qí五wǔ千qiān,阻zǔ石shí山shān木mù,候hòu便biàn为wéi寇kòu,罕hǎn羌qiāng未wèi有yǒu所suǒ犯fàn。今jīn置zhì先xiān零líng,先xiān击jī罕hǎn,释shì诛zhū亡wáng辜gū,起qǐ一yī难nán,就jiù两liǎng害hài,诚chéng非fēi陛bì下xià本běn计jì也yě。

臣chén闻wén兵bīng法fǎ“攻gōng不bù足zú者zhě守shǒu有yǒu余yú”,又yòu曰yuē“善shàn战zhàn者zhě致zhì人rén,不bù致zhì于yú人rén”。今jīn罕hǎn羌qiāng欲yù为wéi敦dūn煌huáng、酒泉quán寇kòu,宜yí饬chì兵bīng马mǎ,练liàn战zhàn士shì,以yǐ须xū其qí至zhì,坐zuò得dé致zhì敌dí之zhī术shù,以yǐ逸yì击jī劳láo,取qǔ胜shèng之zhī道dào也yě。今jīn恐kǒng二èr郡jùn兵bīng少shǎo不bù足zú以yǐ守shǒu,而ér发fā之zhī行háng攻gōng,释shì致zhì虏lǔ之zhī术shù而ér从cóng为wéi虏lǔ所suǒ致zhì之zhī道dào,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi不bù便biàn。先xiān零líng羌qiāng虏lǔ欲yù为wéi背bèi畔pàn,故gù与yǔ罕hǎn、开kāi解jiě仇chóu结jié约yuē,然rán其qí私sī心xīn不bù能néng亡wáng恐kǒng汉hàn兵bīng至zhì而ér罕hǎn、开kāi背bèi之zhī也yě。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi其qí计jì常cháng欲yù先xiān赴fù罕hǎn、开kāi之zhī急jí,以yǐ坚jiān其qí先xiān击jī罕hǎn羌qiāng、先xiān零líng必bì助zhù之zhī。今jīn虏lǔ马mǎ肥féi,粮liáng食shí方fāng饶ráo,击jī之zhī恐kǒng不bù能néng伤shāng害hài,适shì使shǐ先xiān零líng施shī德dé于yú罕hǎn羌qiāng,坚jiān其qí约yuē,合hé其qí党dǎng。虏lǔ交jiāo坚jiān党dǎng合hé,精jīng兵bīng二èr万wàn余yú人rén,迫pò胁xié诸zhū小xiǎo种zhǒng,着zhuó者zhě稍shāo众zhòng,莫mò须xū之zhī属shǔ不bù轻qīng得dé离lí也yě。如rú是shì,虏lǔ兵bīng寝qǐn多duō,诛zhū之zhī用yòng力lì数shù倍bèi,臣chén恐kǒng国guó家jiā忧yōu累léi繇yáo十shí年nián数shù,不bù二èr三sān岁suì而ér已yǐ。

臣chén得dé蒙mēng天tiān子zǐ厚hòu恩ēn,父fù子zǐ俱jù为wéi显xiǎn列liè。臣chén位wèi至zhì上shàng卿qīng,爵jué为wéi列liè侯hóu,犬quǎn马mǎ之zhī齿chǐ七qī十shí六liù,为wéi明míng诏zhào填tián沟gōu壑hè,死sǐ骨gǔ不bù朽,亡wáng所suǒ顾gù念niàn。独dú思sī惟wéi兵bīng利lì害hài至zhì熟shú悉xī也yě,于yú臣chén之zhī计jì,先xiān诛zhū先xiān零líng已yǐ,则zé罕hǎn、开kāi之zhī属shǔ不bù烦fán兵bīng而ér服fú矣yǐ。先xiān零líng已yǐ诛zhū而ér罕hǎn、开kāi不bù服fú,涉shè正zhèng月yuè击jī之zhī得dé计jì之zhī理lǐ,又yòu其qí时shí也yě。以yǐ今jīn进jìn兵bīng,诚chéng不bù见jiàn其qí利lì,唯wéi陛bì下xià裁cái察chá。

六liù月yuè戊wù申shēn奏zòu,七qī月yuè甲jiǎ寅yín玺xǐ书shū报bào从cóng充chōng国guó计jì焉yān。

充chōng国guó引yǐn兵bīng至zhì先xiān零líng在zài所suǒ。虏lǔ久屯tún聚jù,解jiě弛chí,望wàng见jiàn大dà军jūn,弃qì车chē重zhòng,欲yù渡dù湟huáng水shuǐ,道dào厄è狭xiá,充chōng国guó徐xú行háng驱qū之zhī。或huò曰yuē逐zhú利lì行háng迟chí,充chōng国guó曰yuē:“此cǐ穷qióng寇kòu不bù可kě迫pò也yě。缓huǎn之zhī则zé走zǒu不bù顾gù,急jí之zhī则zé还huán致zhì死sǐ。”诸zhū校xiào皆jiē曰yuē:“善shàn。”虏lǔ赴fù水shuǐ溺nì死sǐ者zhě数shù百bǎi,降jiàng及jí斩zhǎn首shǒu五wǔ百bǎi余yú人rén,卤lǔ马mǎ、牛niú羊yáng十shí万wàn余yú头tóu,车chē四sì千qiān余yú两liǎng。兵bīng至zhì罕hǎn地dì,令líng军jūn毋wú燔fán聚jù落là刍chú牧mù田tián中zhōng。罕hǎn羌qiāng闻wén之zhī,喜xǐ曰yuē:“汉hàn果guǒ不bù击jī我wǒ矣yǐ!”豪háo靡mí忘wàng使shǐ人rén来lái言yán:“愿yuàn得dé还huán复fù故gù地dì。”充chōng国guó以yǐ闻wén,未wèi报bào。靡mí忘wàng来lái自zì归guī,充chōng国guó赐cì饮yǐn食shí,遣qiǎn还huán谕yù种zhǒng人rén。护hù军jūn以yǐ下xià皆jiē争zhēng之zhī,曰yuē:“此cǐ反fǎn虏lǔ,不bù可kě擅shàn遣qiǎn。”充chōng国guó曰yuē:“诸zhū君jūn但dàn欲yù便biàn文wén自zì营yíng,非fēi为wéi公gōng家jiā忠zhōng计jì也yě。”语yǔ未wèi卒zú,玺xǐ书shū报bào,令líng靡mí忘wàng以yǐ赎shú论lùn。后hòu罕hǎn竟jìng不bù烦fán兵bīng而ér下xià。

其qí秋qiū,充chōng国guó病bìng,上shàng赐cì书shū曰yuē;“制zhì诏zhào后hòu将jiāng军jūn:闻wén苦kǔ脚jiǎo胫jìng、寒hán泄xiè,将jiāng军jūn年nián老lǎo加jiā疾jí,一yī朝zhāo之zhī变biàn不bù可kě讳huì,朕zhèn甚shèn忧yōu之zhī。今jīn诏zhào破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn诣yì屯tún所suǒ,为wéi将jiāng军jūn副fù,急jí因yīn天tiān时shí大dà利lì,吏lì士shì锐ruì气qì,以yǐ十shí二èr月yuè击jī先xiān零líng羌qiāng。即jí疾jí剧jù,留屯tún毋wú行háng,独dú遣qiǎn破pò羌qiāng、强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn。”时shí,羌qiāng降jiàng者zhě万wàn余yú人rén矣yǐ。充chōng国guó度dù其qí必bì坏huài,欲yù罢bà骑qí兵bīng屯tún田tián,以yǐ待dài其qí敝bì。作zuò奏zòu未wèi上shàng,会huì得dé进jìn兵bīng玺xǐ书shū,中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng惧jù,使shǐ客kè谏jiàn充chōng国guó曰yuē:“诚chéng令líng兵bīng出chū,破pò军jūn杀shā将jiāng以yǐ倾qīng国guó家jiā,将jiāng军jūn守shǒu之zhī可kě也yě。即jí利lì与yǔ病bìng,又yòu何hé足zú争zhēng?一yī旦dàn不bù合hé上shàng意yì,遣qiǎn绣xiù衣yī来lái责zé将jiāng军jūn,将jiāng军jūn之zhī身shēn不bù能néng自zì保bǎo,何hé国guó家jiā之zhī安ān?”充chōng国guó叹tàn曰yuē:“是shì何hé言yán之zhī不bù忠zhōng也yě!本běn用yòng吾wú言yán,羌qiāng虏lǔ得dé至zhì是shì邪xié?往wǎng者zhě举jǔ可kě先xiān行háng羌qiāng者zhě,吾wú举jǔ辛xīn武wǔ贤xián,丞chéng相xiāng御yù史shǐ复fù白bái遣qiǎn义yì渠qú安ān国guó,竟jìng沮jǔ败bài羌qiāng。金jīn城chéng、湟huáng中zhōng谷gǔ斛hú八bā钱qián,吾wú谓wèi耿gěng中zhōng丞chéng,籴dí二èr百bǎi万wàn斛hú谷gǔ,羌qiāng人rén不bù敢gǎn动dòng矣yǐ。耿gěng中zhōng丞chéng请qǐng籴dí百bǎi万wàn斛hú,乃nǎi得dé四sì十shí万wàn斛hú耳ěr。义yì渠qú再zài使shǐ,且qiě费fèi其qí半bàn。失shī此cǐ二èr册cè,羌qiāng人rén故gù敢gǎn为wéi逆nì。失shī之zhī毫háo厘lí,差chà以yǐ千qiān里lǐ,是shì既jì然rán矣yǐ。今jīn兵bīng久不bù决jué,四sì夷yí卒zú有yǒu动dòng摇yáo,相xiāng因yīn而ér起qǐ,虽suī有yǒu知zhī者zhě不bù能néng善shàn其qí后hòu,羌qiāng独dú足zú忧yōu邪xié!吾wú固gù以yǐ死sǐ守shǒu之zhī,明míng主zhǔ可kě为wéi忠zhōng言yán。”遂suì上shàng屯tún田tián奏zòu曰yuē:

臣chén闻wén兵bīng者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ明míng德dé除chú害hài也yě,故gù举jǔ得dé于yú外wài,则zé福fú生shēng于yú内nèi,不bù可kě不bù慎shèn。臣chén所suǒ将jiāng吏lì士shì马mǎ牛niú食shí,月yuè用yòng粮liáng谷gǔ十shí九万wàn九千qiān六liù百bǎi三sān十shí斛hú,盐yán千qiān六liù百bǎi九十shí三sān斛hú,茭jiāo稿gǎo二èr十shí五wǔ万wàn二èr百bǎi八bā十shí六liù石shí。难nán久不bù解jiě,繇yáo役yì不bù息xī。又yòu恐kǒng它tā夷yí卒zú有yǒu不bù虞yú之zhī变biàn,相xiāng因yīn并bìng起qǐ,为wéi明míng主zhǔ忧yōu,诚chéng非fēi素sù定dìng庙miào胜shèng之zhī册cè。且qiě羌qiāng虏lǔ易yì以yǐ计jì破pò,难nán用yòng兵bīng碎suì也yě,故gù臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi击jī之zhī不bù便biàn。

计jì度dù临lín羌qiāng东dōng至zhì浩hào亹wěi,羌qiāng虏lǔ故gù田tián及jí公gōng田tián,民mín所suǒ未wèi垦kěn,可kě二èr千qiān顷qǐng以yǐ上shàng,其qí间jiān邮yóu亭tíng多duō坏huài败bài者zhě。臣chén前qián部bù士shì入rù山shān,伐fá材cái木mù大dà小xiǎo六liù万wàn余yú枚méi,皆jiē在zài水shuǐ次cì。愿yuàn罢bà骑qí兵bīng,留驰chí刑xíng应yīng募mù,及jí淮huái阳yáng、汝rǔ南nán步bù兵bīng与yǔ史shǐ士shì私sī从cóng者zhě,合hé凡fán万wàn二èr百bǎi八bā十shí一yī人rén,用yòng谷gǔ月yuè二èr万wàn七qī千qiān三sān百bǎi六liù十shí三sān斛hú,盐yán三sān百bǎi八bā斛hú,分fēn屯tún要yào害hài处chǔ。冰bīng解jiě漕cáo下xià,缮shàn乡xiāng亭tíng,浚jùn沟gōu渠qú,治zhì湟huáng狭xiá以yǐ西xī道dào桥qiáo七qī十shí所suǒ,令líng可kě至zhì鲜xiān水shuǐ左zuǒ右yòu。田tián事shì出chū,赋fù人rén二èr十shí亩mǔ。至zhì四sì月yuè草cǎo生shēng,发fā郡jùn骑qí及jí属shǔ国guó胡hú骑qí伉kàng健jiàn各gè千qiān,倅cuì马mǎ什shí二èr,就jiù草cǎo,为wéi田tián者zhě游yóu兵bīng。以yǐ充chōng入rù金jīn城chéng郡jùn,益yì积jī畜xù,省shěng大dà费fèi。今jīn大dà司sī农nóng所suǒ转zhuǎn谷gǔ至zhì者zhě,足zú支zhī万wàn人rén一yī岁suì食shí。谨jǐn上shàng田tián处chǔ及jí器qì用yòng簿bù,唯wéi陛bì下xià裁cái许xǔ。

上shàng报bào曰yuē:“皇huáng帝dì问wèn后hòu将jiāng军jūn,言yán欲yù罢bà骑qí兵bīng万wàn人rén留田tián,即jí如rú将jiāng军jūn之zhī计jì,虏lǔ当dāng何hé时shí伏fú诛zhū,兵bīng当dāng何hé时shí得dé决jué?孰shú计jì其qí便biàn,复fù奏zòu。”充chōng国guó上shàng状zhuàng曰yuē:

臣chén闻wén帝dì王wáng之zhī兵bīng,以yǐ全quán取qǔ胜shèng,是shì以yǐ贵guì谋móu而ér贱jiàn战zhàn。战zhàn而ér百bǎi胜shèng,非fēi善shàn之zhī善shàn者zhě也yě,故gù先xiān为wéi不bù可kě胜shèng以yǐ待dài敌dí之zhī可kě胜shèng。蛮mán夷yí习xí俗sú虽suī殊shū于yú礼lǐ义yì之zhī国guó,然rán其qí欲yù避bì害hài就jiù利lì,爱ài亲qīn戚qī,畏wèi死sǐ亡wáng,一yī也yě。今jīn虏lǔ亡wáng其qí美měi地dì荐jiàn草cǎo,愁chóu子zǐ寄jì托tuō远yuǎn遁dùn,骨gǔ肉ròu心xīn离lí,人rén有yǒu畔pàn志zhì,而ér明míng主zhǔ般bān师shī罢bà兵bīng,万wàn人rén留田tián,顺shùn天tiān时shí,因yīn地dì利lì,以yǐ待dài可kě胜shèng之zhī虏lǔ,虽suī未wèi即jí伏fú辜gū,兵bīng决jué可kě期qī月yuè而ér望wàng。羌qiāng虏lǔ瓦wǎ解jiě,前qián后hòu降jiàng者zhě万wàn七qī百bǎi余yú人rén,及jí受shòu言yán去qù者zhě凡fán七qī十shí辈bèi,此cǐ坐zuò支zhī解jiě羌qiāng虏lǔ之zhī具jù也yě。

臣chén谨jǐn条tiáo不bù出chū兵bīng留田tián便biàn宜yí十shí二èr事shì。步bù兵bīng九校xiào,更gēng士shì万wàn人rén,留顿dùn以yǐ为wéi武wǔ备bèi,因yīn田tián致zhì谷gǔ,威wēi德dé并bìng行háng,一yī也yě。又yòu因yīn排pái折zhē羌qiāng虏lǔ,令líng不bù得dé归guī肥féi饶ráo之zhī地dì,贫pín破pò其qí众zhòng,以yǐ成chéng羌qiāng虏lǔ相xiāng畔pàn之zhī渐jiàn,二èr也yě。居jū民mín得dé并bìng田tián作zuò,不bù失shī农nóng业yè,三sān也yě。军jūn马mǎ一yī月yuè之zhī食shí,度dù支zhī田tián士shì一yī岁suì,罢bà骑qí兵bīng以yǐ省shěng大dà费fèi,四sì也yě。至zhì春chūn省shěng甲jiǎ士shì卒zú,循xún河hé湟huáng漕cáo谷gǔ至zhì临lín羌qiāng,以yǐ示shì羌qiāng虏lǔ,扬yáng威wēi武wǔ,传chuán世shì折zhē冲chōng之zhī具jù,五wǔ也yě,以yǐ闲xián暇xiá时shí下xià所suǒ伐fá材cái,缮shàn治zhì邮yóu亭tíng,充chōng入rù金jīn城chéng,六liù也yě。兵bīng出chū,乘chéng危wēi徼jiǎo幸xìng,不bù出chū,令líng反fǎn畔pàn之zhī虏lǔ窜cuàn于yú风fēng寒hán之zhī地dì,离lí霜shuāng露lòu疾jí疫yì瘃zhú堕duò之zhī患huàn,坐zuò得dé必bì胜shèng之zhī道dào,七qī也yě。亡wáng经jīng阻zǔ远yuǎn追zhuī死sǐ伤shāng之zhī害hài,八bā也yě。内nèi不bù损sǔn威wēi武wǔ之zhī重zhòng,外wài不bù令líng虏lǔ得dé乘chéng间jiān之zhī势shì,九也yě。又yòu亡wáng惊jīng动dòng河hé南nán大dà开kāi、小xiǎo开kāi使shǐ生shēng它tā变biàn之zhī忧yōu,十shí也yě。治zhì湟huáng狭xiá中zhōng道dào桥qiáo,令líng可kě至zhì鲜xiān水shuǐ,以yǐ制zhì西xī域yù,信xìn威wēi千qiān里lǐ,从cóng枕zhěn席xí上shàng过guò师shī,十shí一yī也yě。大dà费fèi既jì省shěng,繇yáo役yì豫yù息xī,以yǐ戒jiè不bù虞yú,十shí二èr也yě。留屯tún田tián得dé十shí二èr便biàn,出chū兵bīng失shī十shí二èr利lì。臣chén充chōng国guó材cái下xià,犬quǎn马mǎ齿chǐ衰shuāi,不bù识shí长cháng册cè,唯wéi明míng诏zhào博bó详xiáng公gōng卿qīng议yì臣chén采cǎi择zé。

上shàng复fù赐cì报bào曰yuē:“皇huáng帝dì问wèn后hòu将jiāng军jūn,言yán十shí二èr便biàn,闻wén之zhī。虏lǔ虽suī未wèi伏fú诛zhū,兵bīng决jué可kě期qī月yuè而ér望wàng,期qī月yuè而ér望wàng者zhě,谓wèi今jīn冬dōng邪xié?谓wèi何hé时shí也yě?将jiāng军jūn独dú不bù计jì虏lǔ闻wén兵bīng颇pō罢bà,且qiě丁dīng壮zhuàng相xiāng聚jù,攻gōng扰rǎo田tián者zhě及jí道dào上shàng屯tún兵bīng,复fù杀shā略人rén民mín,将jiāng何hé以yǐ止zhǐ之zhī?又yòu大dà开kāi、小xiǎo开kāi前qián言yán曰yuē:‘我wǒ告gào汉hàn军jūn先xiān零líng所suǒ在zài,兵bīng不bù往wǎng击jī,久留,得dé亡wáng效xiào五wǔ年nián时shí不bù分fēn别bié人rén而ér并bìng击jī我wǒ?’其qí意yì常cháng恐kǒng。今jīn兵bīng不bù出chū,得dé亡wáng变biàn生shēng,与yǔ先xiān零líng为wéi一yī?将jiāng军jūn孰shú计jì复fù奏zòu。”充chōng国guó奏zòu曰yuē:

臣chén闻wén兵bīng以yǐ计jì为wéi本běn,故gù多duō算suàn胜shèng少shǎo算suàn。先xiān零líng羌qiāng精jīng兵bīng今jīn余yú下xià过guò七qī八bā千qiān人rén,失shī地dì远yuǎn客kè,分fēn散sàn饥jī冻dòng。罕hǎn、开kāi、莫mò须xū又yòu颇pō暴bào略其qí赢yíng弱ruò畜xù产chǎn,畔pàn还huán者zhě不bù绝jué,皆jiē闻wén天tiān子zǐ明míng令líng相xiāng捕bǔ斩zhǎn之zhī赏shǎng。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi虏lǔ破pò坏huài可kě日rì月yuè冀jì,远yuǎn在zài来lái春chūn,故gù曰yuē兵bīng决jué可kě期qī月yuè而ér望wàng。窃qiè见jiàn北běi边biān自zì敦dūn煌huáng至zhì辽liáo东dōng万wàn一yī千qiān五wǔ百bǎi余yú里lǐ,乘chéng塞sāi列liè隧suì有yǒu吏lì卒zú数shù千qiān人rén,虏lǔ数shù大dà众zhòng攻gōng之zhī而ér不bù能néng害hài。今jīn留步bù士shì万wàn人rén屯tún田tián,地dì势shì平píng易yì,多duō高gāo山shān远yuǎn望wàng之zhī便biàn,部bù曲qū相xiāng保bǎo,为wéi堑qiàn垒lěi木mù樵qiáo,校xiào联lián不bù绝jué,便biàn兵bīng弩nǔ,饬chì斗dǒu具jù。烽fēng火huǒ幸xìng通tōng,势shì及jí并bìng力lì,以yǐ逸yì待dài劳láo,兵bīng之zhī利lì者zhě也yě。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi屯tún田tián内nèi有yǒu亡wáng费fèi之zhī利lì,外wài有yǒu守shǒu御yù之zhī备bèi。骑qí兵bīng虽suī罢bà,虏lǔ见jiàn万wàn人rén留田tián为wéi必bì禽qín之zhī具jù,其qí土tǔ崩bēng归guī德dé,宜yí不bù久矣yǐ。从cóng今jīn尽jìn三sān月yuè,虏lǔ马mǎ赢yíng瘦shòu,必bì不bù敢gǎn捐juān其qí妻qī子zǐ于yú他tā种zhǒng中zhōng,远yuǎn涉shè河hé山shān而ér来lái为wéi寇kòu。又yòu见jiàn屯tún田tián之zhī士shì精jīng兵bīng万wàn人rén,终zhōng不bù敢gǎn复fù将jiāng其qí累léi重zhòng还huán归guī故gù地dì。是shì臣chén之zhī愚yú计jì,所suǒ以yǐ度dù虏lǔ且qiě必bì瓦wǎ解jiě其qí处chǔ,不bù战zhàn而ér自zì破pò之zhī册cè也yě。至zhì于yú虏lǔ小xiǎo寇kòu盗dào,时shí杀shā人rén民mín,其qí原yuán未wèi可kě卒zú禁jīn。臣chén闻wén战zhàn不bù必bì胜shèng,不bù苟gǒu接jiē刃rèn;攻gōng不bù必bì取qǔ,不bù苟gǒu劳láo众zhòng。诚chéng令líng兵bīng出chū,虽suī不bù能néng灭miè先xiān零líng,亶dǎn能néng令líng虏lǔ绝jué不bù为wéi小xiǎo寇kòu,则zé出chū兵bīng可kě也yě。即jí今jīn同tóng是shì而ér释shì坐zuò胜shèng之zhī道dào,从cóng乘chéng危wēi之zhī势shì,往wǎng终zhōng不bù见jiàn利lì,空kōng内nèi自zì罢bà敝bì,贬biǎn重zhòng而ér自zì损sǔn,非fēi所suǒ以yǐ视shì蛮mán夷yí也yě。又yòu大dà兵bīng一yī出chū,还huán不bù可kě复fù留,湟huáng中zhōng亦yì未wèi可kě空kōng,如rú是shì,徭yáo役yì复fù发fā也yě。且qiě匈xiōng奴nú不bù可kě不bù备bèi,乌wū桓huán不bù可kě不bù忧yōu。今jīn久转zhuǎn运yùn烦fán费fèi,倾qīng我wǒ不bù虞yú之zhī用yòng以yǐ澹dàn一yī隅yú,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi不bù便biàn。校xiào尉wèi临lín众zhòng幸xìng得dé承chéng威wēi德dé,奉fèng厚hòu币bì,拊fǔ循xún众zhòng羌qiāng,谕yù以yǐ明míng诏zhào,宜yí皆jiē乡xiāng风fēng。虽suī其qí前qián辞cí尝cháng曰yuē“得dé亡wáng效xiào五wǔ年nián”,宜yí亡wáng它tā心xīn,不bù足zú以yǐ故gù出chū兵bīng。臣chén窃qiè自zì惟wéi念niàn。奉fèng诏zhào出chū塞sāi,引yǐn军jūn远yuǎn击jī,穷qióng天tiān子zǐ之zhī精jīng兵bīng,散sàn车chē甲jiǎ于yú山shān野yě,虽suī亡wáng尺chǐ寸cùn之zhī功gōng,媮tōu得dé避bì慊qiàn之zhī便biàn,而ér亡wáng后hòu咎jiù余yú责zé,此cǐ人rén臣chén不bù忠zhōng之zhī利lì,非fēi明míng主zhǔ社shè稷jì之zhī福fú也yě。臣chén幸xìng得dé奋fèn精jīng兵bīng,讨tǎo不bù义yì,久留天tiān诛zhū,罪zuì当dāng万wàn死sǐ。陛bì下xià宽kuān仁rén,未wèi忍rěn加jiā诛zhū,令líng臣chén数shù得dé熟shú计jì。愚yú臣chén伏fú计jì孰shú甚shèn,不bù敢gǎn避bì斧fǔ钺yuè之zhī诛zhū,昧mèi死sǐ陈chén愚yú,唯wéi陛bì下xià省shěng察chá。

充chōng国guó奏zòu每měi上shàng,辄zhé下xià公gōng卿qīng议yì臣chén。初chū是shì充chōng国guó计jì者zhě什shí三sān,中zhōng什shí五wǔ,最zuì后hòu什shí八bā。有yǒu诏zhào诘jié前qián言yán不bù便biàn者zhě,皆jiē顿dùn首shǒu服fú。丞chéng相xiāng魏wèi相xiāng曰yuē:“臣chén愚yú不bù习xí兵bīng事shì利lì害hài,后hòu将jiāng军jūn数shù画huà军jūn册cè,其qí言yán常cháng是shì,臣chén任rèn其qí计jì可kě必bì用yòng也yě。”上shàng于yú是shì报bào充chōng国guó曰yuē:“皇huáng帝dì问wèn后hòu将jiāng军jūn,上shàng书shū言yán羌qiāng虏lǔ可kě胜shèng之zhī道dào,今jīn听tīng将jiāng军jūn,将jiāng军jūn计jì善shàn。其qí上shàng留屯tún田tián及jí当dāng罢bà者zhě人rén马mǎ数shù。将jiāng军jūn强qiáng食shí,慎shèn兵bīng事shì,自zì爱ài!”上shàng以yǐ破pò羌qiāng、强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn数shù言yán当dāng击jī,又yòu用yòng充chōng国guó屯tún田tián处chǔ离lí散sàn,恐kǒng虏lǔ犯fàn之zhī,于yú是shì两liǎng从cóng其qí计jì,诏zhào两liǎng将jiāng军jūn与yǔ中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng出chū击jī。强qiáng弩nǔ出chū,降jiàng四sì千qiān余yú人rén,破pò羌qiāng斩zhǎn首shǒu二èr千qiān级jí,中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng斩zhǎn首shǒu降jiàng者zhě亦yì二èr千qiān余yú级jí,而ér充chōng国guó所suǒ降jiàng复fù得dé五wǔ千qiān余yú人rén。诏zhào罢bà兵bīng,独dú充chōng国guó留屯tún田tián。

明míng年nián五wǔ月yuè,充chōng国guó奏zòu言yán:“羌qiāng本běn可kě五wǔ万wàn人rén军jūn,凡fán斩zhǎn首shǒu七qī千qiān六liù百bǎi级jí,降jiàng者zhě三sān万wàn一yī千qiān二èr百bǎi人rén,溺nì河hé湟huáng饥jī饿è死sǐ者zhě五wǔ六liù千qiān人rén,定dìng计jì遗yí脱tuō与yǔ煎jiān巩gǒng、黄huáng羝dī俱jù亡wáng者zhě不bù过guò四sì千qiān人rén。羌qiāng靡mí忘wàng等děng自zì诡guǐ必bì得dé,请qǐng罢bà屯tún兵bīng。”奏zòu可kě。充chōng国guó振zhèn旅而ér还huán。

所suǒ善shàn浩hào星xīng赐cì迎yíng说shuō充chōng国guó,曰yuē:“众zhòng人rén皆jiē以yǐ破pò羌qiāng、强qiáng弩nǔ出chū击jī,多duō斩zhǎn首shǒu获huò降jiàng,虏lǔ以yǐ破pò坏huài。然rán有yǒu识shí者zhě以yǐ为wéi虏lǔ势shì穷qióng困kùn,兵bīng虽suī不bù出chū,必bì自zì服fú矣yǐ。将jiāng军jūn即jí见jiàn,宜yí归guī功gōng于yú二èr将jiāng军jūn出chū击jī,非fēi愚yú臣chén所suǒ及jí。如rú此cǐ,将jiāng军jūn计jì未wèi失shī也yě。”充chōng国guó曰yuē:“吾wú年nián老lǎo矣yǐ,爵jué位wèi已yǐ极jí,岂qǐ嫌xián伐fá一yī时shí事shì以yǐ欺qī明míng主zhǔ哉zāi!兵bīng势shì,国guó之zhī大dà事shì,当dāng为wéi后hòu法fǎ。老lǎo臣chén不bù以yǐ余yú命mìng一yī为wéi陛bì下xià明míng言yán兵bīng之zhī利lì害hài,卒zú死sǐ,谁shuí当dāng复fù言yán之zhī者zhě?”卒zú以yǐ其qí意yì对duì。上shàng然rán其qí计jì,罢bà遣qiǎn辛xīn武wǔ贤xián归guī酒泉quán太tài守shǒu官guān,充chōng国guó复fù为wéi后hòu将jiāng军jūn卫wèi尉wèi。

其qí秋qiū,羌qiāng若ruò零líng、离lí留、且qiě种zhǒng、皃mào库kù共gòng斩zhǎn先xiān零líng大dà豪háo犹yóu非fēi、杨yáng玉yù首shǒu,及jí诸zhū豪háo弟dì泽zé、阳yáng雕diāo、良liáng皃mào、靡mí忘wàng皆jiē帅shuài煎jiān巩gǒng、黄huáng羝dī之zhī属shǔ四sì千qiān余yú人rén降jiàng汉hàn。封fēng若ruò零líng、弟dì泽zé二èr人rén为wéi帅shuài众zhòng王wáng,离lí留、且qiě种zhǒng二èr人rén为wéi侯hóu,皃mào库kù为wéi君jūn,阳yáng雕diāo为wéi言yán兵bīng侯hóu,良liáng皃mào为wéi君jūn,靡mí忘wàng为wéi献xiàn牛niú君jūn。初chū置zhì金jīn城chéng属shǔ国guó以yǐ处chǔ降jiàng羌qiāng。

诏zhào举jǔ可kě护hù羌qiāng校xiào尉wèi者zhě,时shí充chōng国guó病bìng,四sì府fǔ举jǔ辛xīn武wǔ贤xián小xiǎo弟dì汤tāng。充chōng国guó遽jù起qǐ奏zòu:“汤tāng使shǐ酒,不bù可kě典diǎn蛮mán夷yí。不bù如rú汤tāng兄xiōng临lín众zhòng。”时shí,汤tāng已yǐ拜bài受shòu节jié,有yǒu诏zhào更gēng用yòng临lín众zhòng。后hòu临lín众zhòng病bìng免miǎn,五wǔ府fǔ复fù举jǔ汤tāng,汤tāng数shù醉zuì<酉yǒu句jù>羌qiāng人rén,羌qiāng人rén反fǎn畔pàn,卒zú如rú充chōng国guó之zhī言yán。

初chū,破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn武wǔ贤xián在zài军jūn中zhōng时shí与yǔ中zhōng郎láng将jiāng卬yǎng宴yàn语yǔ,卬yǎng道dào:“车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn张zhāng安ān世shì始shǐ尝cháng不bù快kuài上shàng,上shàng欲yù诛zhū之zhī,卬yǎng家jiā将jiāng军jūn以yǐ为wéi安ān世shì本běn持chí橐tuó簪zān笔bǐ事shì孝xiào武wǔ帝dì数shù十shí年nián,见jiàn谓wèi忠zhōng谨jǐn,宜yí全quán度dù之zhī。安ān世shì用yòng是shì得dé免miǎn。”及jí充chōng国guó还huán言yán兵bīng事shì,武wǔ贤xián罢bà归guī故gù官guān,深shēn恨hèn,上shàng书shū告gào卬yǎng泄xiè省shěng中zhōng语yǔ。卬yǎng坐zuò禁jīn止zhǐ而ér入rù至zhì充chōng国guó莫mò府fǔ司sī马mǎ中zhōng乱luàn屯tún兵bīng,下xià吏lì,自zì杀shā。

充chōng国guó乞qǐ骸hái骨gǔ,赐cì安ān车chē驷sì马mǎ、黄huáng金jīn六liù十shí斤jīn,罢bà就jiù第dì。朝zhāo庭tíng每měi有yǒu四sì夷yí大dà议yì,常cháng与yǔ参cān兵bīng谋móu,问wèn筹chóu策cè焉yān。年nián八bā十shí六liù,甘gān露lòu二èr年nián薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē壮zhuàng侯hóu。传chuán子zǐ至zhì孙sūn钦qīn,钦qīn尚shàng敬jìng武wǔ公gōng主zhǔ。主zhǔ亡wáng子zǐ,主zhǔ教jiào钦qīn良liáng人rén习xí诈zhà有yǒu身shēn,名míng它tā人rén子zǐ。钦qīn薨hōng,子zǐ岑cén嗣sì侯hóu,习xí为wéi太tài夫fū人rén。岑cén父fù母mǔ求钱qián财cái亡wáng已yǐ,忿fèn恨hèn相xiāng告gào。岑cén坐zuò非fēi子zǐ免miǎn,国guó除chú。元yuán始shǐ中zhōng,修功gōng臣chén后hòu,复fù封fēng充chōng国guó曾zēng孙sūn伋jí为wéi营yíng平píng侯hóu。

初chū,充chōng国guó以yǐ功gōng德dé与yǔ霍huò光guāng等děng列liè,画huà未wèi央yāng宫gōng。成chéng帝dì时shí,西xī羌qiāng尝cháng有yǒu警jǐng,上shàng思sī将jiāng帅shuài之zhī臣chén,追zhuī美měi充chōng国guó,乃nǎi召zhào黄huáng门mén郎láng杨yáng雄xióng即jí充chōng国guó图tú画huà而ér颂sòng之zhī,曰yuē:

明míng灵líng惟wéi宣xuān,戎róng有yǒu先xiān零líng。先xiān零líng昌chāng狂kuáng,侵qīn汉hàn西xī疆jiāng。汉hàn命mìng虎hǔ臣chén,惟wéi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,整zhěng我wǒ六liù师shī,是shì讨tǎo是shì震zhèn。既jì临lín其qí域yù,谕yù以yǐ威wēi德dé,有yǒu守shǒu矜jīn功gōng,谓wèi之zhī弗fú克kè。请qǐng奋fèn其qí旅,于yú罕hǎn之zhī羌qiāng,天tiān子zǐ命mìng我wǒ,从cóng之zhī鲜xiān阳yáng。营yíng平píng守shǒu节jié,屡奏zòu封fēng章zhāng,料liào敌dí制zhì胜shèng,威wēi谋móu靡mí亢kàng。遂suì克kè西xī戎róng,还huán师shī于yú京jīng,鬼guǐ方fāng宾bīn服fú,罔wǎng有yǒu不bù庭tíng。昔xī周zhōu之zhī宣xuān,有yǒu方fāng有yǒu虎hǔ,诗shī人rén歌gē功gōng,乃nǎi列liè于yú《雅yǎ》。在zài汉hàn中zhōng兴xīng,充chōng国guó作zuò武wǔ,赳赳桓huán桓huán,亦yì绍shào厥jué后hòu。

充chōng国guó为wéi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,徙xǐ杜dù陵líng。辛xīn观guān自zì羌qiāng军jūn还huán后hòu七qī年nián,复fù为wéi破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn,征zhēng乌wū孙sūn至zhì敦dūn煌huáng,后hòu不bù出chū,征zhēng未wèi到dào,病bìng卒zú。子zǐ庆qìng忌jì至zhì大dà官guān。

辛xīn庆qìng忌jì字zì子zǐ真zhēn,少shǎo以yǐ父fù任rèn为wéi右yòu校xiào丞chéng,随suí长cháng罗luó侯hóu常cháng惠huì屯tún田tián乌wū孙sūn赤chì谷gǔ城chéng,与yǔ歙xī侯hóu战zhàn,陷xiàn陈chén却què敌dí。惠huì奏zòu其qí功gōng,拜bài为wéi侍shì郎láng,迁qiān校xiào尉wèi,将jiāng吏lì士shì屯tún焉yān耆qí国guó。还huán为wéi谒yè者zhě,尚shàng未wèi知zhī名míng。远yuǎn帝dì初chū,补bǔ金jīn域yù长cháng史shǐ,举jǔ茂mào材cái,迁qiān郎láng中zhōng、车chē骑qí将jiāng,朝zhāo廷tíng多duō重zhòng之zhī者zhě,转zhuǎn为wéi校xiào尉wèi,迁qiān张zhāng掖yè太tài守shǒu,徙xǐ酒泉quán,所suǒ在zài著zhù名míng。

成chéng帝dì初chū,征zhēng为wéi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,迁qiān左zuǒ曹cáo中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,至zhì执zhí金jīn吾wú。始shǐ武wǔ贤xián与yǔ赵zhào充chōng国guó有yǒu隙xì,后hòu充chōng国guó家jiā杀shā辛xīn氏shì,至zhì庆qìng忌jì为wéi执zhí金jīn吾wú,坐zuò子zǐ杀shā赵zhào氏shì,左zuǒ迁qiān酒泉quán太tài守shǒu。岁suì余yú,大dà将jiāng军jūn王wáng凤fèng荐jiàn庆qìng忌jì:“前qián在zài两liǎng郡jùn著zhù功gōng迹jì,征zhēng入rù,历lì位wèi朝zhāo廷tíng,莫mò不bù信xìn乡xiāng。质zhì行háng正zhèng直zhí,仁rén勇yǒng得dé众zhòng心xīn,通tōng于yú兵bīng事shì,明míng略威wēi重zhòng行háng国guó柱zhù石shí。父fù破pò羌qiāng将jiāng军jūn武wǔ贤xián显xiǎn名míng前qián世shì,有yǒu威wēi西xī夷yí。臣chén凤fèng不bù宜yí久处chǔ庆qìng忌jì之zhī右yòu。”乃nǎi复fù征zhēng为wéi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū、执zhí金jīn吾wú。数shù年nián,坐zuò小xiǎo法fǎ左zuǒ迁qiān云yún中zhōng太tài守shǒu,复fù征zhēng为wéi光guāng禄lù勋xūn。

时shí,数shù有yǒu灾zāi异yì,丞chéng相xiāng司sī直zhí何hé武wǔ上shàng封fēng事shì曰yuē:“虞yú有yǒu宫gōng之zhī奇qí,晋jìn献xiàn不bù寐mèi;卫wèi青qīng在zài位wèi,淮huái南nán寝qǐn谋móu。故gù贤xián人rén立lì朝zhāo,折zhē冲chōng厌yàn难nán,胜shèng于yú亡wáng形xíng。《司sī马mǎ法fǎ》曰yuē:‘天tiān下xià虽suī安ān,忘wàng战zhàn必bì危wēi。’夫fū将jiāng不bù豫yù设shè,则zé亡wáng以yǐ应yīng卒zú;士shì不bù素sù厉lì,则zé难nán使shǐ死sǐ使shǐ。是shì以yǐ先xiān帝dì建jiàn列liè将jiāng之zhī官guān,近jìn戚qī主zhǔ内nèi,异yì姓xìng距jù外wài,故gù奸jiān轨guǐ不bù得dé萌méng动dòng而ér破pò灭miè,诚chéng万wàn世shì之zhī长cháng册cè也yě。光guāng禄lù勋xūn庆qìng忌jì行háng义yì修正zhèng,柔róu毅yì敦dūn厚hòu,谋móu虑lǜ深shēn远yuǎn。前qián在zài边biān郡jùn,数shù破pò敌dí获huò虏lǔ,外wài夷yí莫mò不bù闻wén。乃nǎi者zhě大dà异yì并bìng见jiàn,未wèi有yǒu其qí应yīng。加jiā以yǐ兵bīng革gé久寝qǐn。《春chūn秋qiū》大dà灾zāi未wèi至zhì而ér豫yù御yù之zhī,庆qìng忌jì家jiā在zài爪zhǎo牙yá官guān以yǐ备bèi不bù虞yú。”其qí后hòu拜bài为wéi右yòu将jiāng军jūn、诸zhū吏lì、散sàn骑qí、给gěi事shì中zhōng,岁suì余yú徙xǐ为wéi左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn。

庆qìng忌jì居jū处chǔ恭gōng俭jiǎn,食shí饮yǐn被bèi服fú尤yóu节jié约yuē,然rán性xìng好hǎo舆yú马mǎ,号hào为wéi鲜xiān明míng,唯wéi是shì为wéi奢shē。为wéi国guó虎hǔ臣chén,遭zāo世shì承chéng平píng,匈xiōng奴nú、西xī域yù亲qīn附fù,敬jìng其qí威wēi信xìn。年nián老lǎo卒zú官guān。长cháng子zǐ通tōng为wéi护hù羌qiāng校xiào尉wèi,中zhōng子zǐ遵zūn函hán谷gǔ关guān都dū尉wèi,少shǎo子zǐ茂mào水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi出chū为wéi郡jùn守shǒu,皆jiē有yǒu将jiāng帅shuài之zhī风fēng。宗zōng族zú支zhī属shǔ至zhì二èr千qiān石shí者zhě十shí余yú人rén。

元yuán始shǐ中zhōng,安ān汉hàn公gōng王wáng莽mǎng秉bǐng政zhèng,见jiàn庆qìng忌jì本běn大dà将jiāng军jūn凤fèng所suǒ成chéng,三sān子zǐ皆jiē能néng,欲yù亲qīn厚hòu之zhī。是shì时shí,莽mǎng方fāng立lì威wēi柄bǐng,用yòng甄zhēn丰fēng、甄zhēn邯hán以yǐ自zì助zhù,丰fēng、邯hán新xīn贵guì,威wēi震zhèn朝zhāo廷tíng。水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi茂mào自zì见jiàn名míng臣chén子zǐ孙sūn,兄xiōng弟dì并bìng列liè,不bù甚shèn诎qū事shì两liǎng甄zhēn。时shí,平píng帝dì幼yòu,外wài家jiā卫wèi氏shì不bù得dé在zài京jīng师shī,而ér护hù羌qiāng校xiào尉wèi通tōng长cháng子zǐ次cì兄xiōng素sù与yǔ帝dì从cóng舅jiù卫wèi子zǐ伯bó相xiāng善shàn,两liǎng人rén俱jù游yóu侠xiá,宾bīn客kè甚shèn盛shèng。及jí吕宽kuān事shì起qǐ,莽mǎng诛zhū卫wèi氏shì。两liǎng甄zhēn构gòu言yán诸zhū辛xīn阴yīn与yǔ卫wèi子zǐ伯bó为wéi心xīn腹fù,有yǒu背bèi恩ēn不bù说shuō安ān汉hàn公gōng之zhī谋móu。于yú是shì司sī直zhí陈chén崇chóng举jǔ奏zòu其qí宗zōng亲qīn陇lǒng西xī辛xīn兴xīng等děng侵qīn陵líng百bǎi姓xìng,威wēi行háng州zhōu郡jùn。莽mǎng遂suì按àn通tōng父fù子zǐ、遵zūn、茂mào兄xiōng弟dì及jí南nán郡jùn太tài守shǒu辛xīn伯bó等děng,皆jiē诛zhū杀shā之zhī。辛xīn氏shì繇yáo是shì废fèi。庆qìng忌jì本běn狄dí道dào人rén,为wéi将jiāng军jūn,徙xǐ昌chāng陵líng。昌chāng陵líng罢bà,留长cháng安ān。

赞zàn曰yuē:秦qín、汉hàn已yǐ来lái,山shān东dōng出chū相xiāng,山shān西xī出chū将jiāng。秦qín时shí将jiāng军jūn白bái起qǐ,郿méi人rén;王wáng剪jiǎn,频pín阳yáng人rén。汉hàn兴xīng,郁yù郅zhì王wáng围wéi、甘gān延yán寿shòu,义yì渠qú公gōng孙sūn贺hè、傅fù介jiè子zǐ,成chéng纪jì李lǐ广guǎng、李lǐ蔡cài,杜dù陵líng苏sū建jiàn、苏sū武wǔ,上shàng邽guī上shàng宫gōng桀jié、赵zhào充chōng国guó,襄xiāng武wǔ廉lián褒bāo,狄dí道dào辛xīn武wǔ贤xián、庆qìng忌jì,皆jiē以yǐ勇yǒng武wǔ显xiǎn闻wén。苏sū、辛xīn父fù子zǐ著zhù节jié,此cǐ其qí可kě称chēng列liè者zhě也yě,其qí余yú不bù可kě胜shèng数shù。何hé则zé?山shān西xī天tiān水shuǐ、陇lǒng西xī、安ān定dìng、北běi地dì处chǔ势shì迫pò近jìn羌qiāng胡hú,民mín俗sú修习xí战zhàn备bèi,高gāo上shàng勇yǒng力lì鞍ān马mǎ骑qí射shè。故gù《秦qín诗shī》曰yuē:“王wáng于yú兴xīng师shī,修我wǒ甲jiǎ兵bīng,与yǔ子zǐ皆jiē行háng。”其qí风fēng声shēng气qì俗sú自zì古gǔ而ér然rán,今jīn之zhī歌gē谣yáo慷kāng慨kǎi,风fēng流犹yóu存cún耳ěr。