汉书 · 传 · 张周赵任申屠传

汉 · 班固

张zhāng苍cāng,阳yáng武wǔ人rén也yě,好hǎo书shū律lǜ历lì。秦qín时shí为wéi御yù史shǐ,主zhǔ柱zhù下xià方fāng书shū。有yǒu罪zuì,亡wáng归guī。及jí沛pèi公gōng略地dì过guò阳yáng武wǔ,苍cāng以yǐ客kè从cóng攻gōng南nán阳yáng。苍cāng当dāng斩zhǎn,解jiě衣yī伏fú质zhì,身shēn长cháng大dà,肥féi白bái如rú瓠hù,时shí王wáng陵líng见jiàn而ér怪guài其qí美měi士shì,乃nǎi言yán沛pèi公gōng,赦shè勿wù斩zhǎn。遂suì西xī入rù武wǔ关guān,至zhì咸xián阳yáng。

沛pèi公gōng立lì为wéi汉hàn王wáng,入rù汉hàn中zhōng,还huán定dìng三sān秦qín。陈chén馀yú击jī走zǒu常cháng山shān王wáng张zhāng耳ěr,耳ěr归guī汉hàn。汉hàn以yǐ苍cāng为wéi常cháng山shān守shǒu。从cóng韩hán信xìn击jī赵zhào,苍cāng得dé陈chén馀yú。赵zhào地dì已yǐ平píng,汉hàn王wáng以yǐ苍cāng为wéi代dài相xiāng,备bèi边biān冠guān。已yǐ而ér徙xǐ为wéi赵zhào相xiāng,相xiāng赵zhào王wáng耳ěr。耳ěr卒zú,相xiāng其qí子zǐ敖áo。复fù徙xǐ相xiāng代dài。燕yàn王wáng臧zāng荼tú反fǎn,苍cāng以yǐ代dài相xiāng从cóng攻gōng荼tú有yǒu功gōng,封fēng为wéi北běi平píng侯hóu,食shí邑yì千qiān二èr百bǎi户hù。

迁qiān为wéi计jì相xiāng,一yī月yuè,更gēng以yǐ列liè侯hóu为wéi主zhǔ计jì四sì岁suì。是shì时shí,萧xiāo何hé为wéi相xiāng国guó,而ér苍cāng乃nǎi自zì秦qín时shí为wéi柱zhù下xià御yù史shǐ,明míng习xí天tiān下xià图tú书shū计jì籍jí,又yòu善shàn用yòng算suàn律lǜ历lì,故gù令líng苍cāng以yǐ列liè侯hóu居jū相xiāng府fǔ,领lǐng主zhǔ郡jùn国guó上shàng计jì者zhě。黥qíng布bù反fǎn,汉hàn立lì皇huáng子zǐ长cháng为wéi淮huái南nán王wáng,而ér苍cāng相xiāng之zhī。十shí四sì年nián,迁qiān为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。

周zhōu昌chāng者zhě,沛pèi人rén也yě。其qí从cóng兄xiōng苛kē,秦qín时shí皆jiē为wéi泗sì水shuǐ卒zú史shǐ。及jí高gāo祖zǔ起qǐ沛pèi,击jī破pò泗sì水shuǐ守shǒu监jiān,于yú是shì苛kē、昌chāng以yǐ卒zú史shǐ从cóng沛pèi公gōng,沛pèi公gōng以yǐ昌chāng为wéi职zhí志zhì,苛kē为wéi客kè。从cóng入rù关guān破pò秦qín。沛pèi公gōng立lì为wéi汉hàn王wáng,以yǐ苛kē为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,昌chāng为wéi中zhōng尉wèi。

汉hàn三sān年nián,楚chǔ围wéi汉hàn王wáng荥xíng阳yáng急jí,汉hàn王wáng出chū去qù,而ér使shǐ苛kē守shǒu荥xíng阳yáng城chéng。楚chǔ破pò荥xíng阳yáng城chéng,欲yù令líng苛kē将jiāng,苛kē骂mà曰yuē:“若ruò趣qù降jiàng汉hàn王wáng!不bù然rán,今jīn为wéi虏lǔ矣yǐ!”项xiàng羽yǔ怒nù,亨hēng苛kē。汉hàn王wáng于yú是shì拜bài昌chāng为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。常cháng从cóng击jī破pò项xiàng籍jí。六liù年nián,与yǔ萧xiāo、曹cáo等děng俱jù封fēng,为wéi汾fén阴yīn侯hóu。苛kē子zǐ成chéng以yǐ父fù死sǐ事shì,封fēng为wéi高gāo景jǐng侯hóu。

昌chāng为wéi人rén强qiáng力lì,敢gǎn直zhí言yán,自zì萧xiāo、曹cáo等děng皆jiē卑bēi下xià之zhī。昌chāng尝cháng燕yàn入rù奏zòu事shì,高gāo帝dì方fāng拥yōng戚qī姬jī,昌chāng还huán走zǒu。高gāo帝dì逐zhú得dé,骑qí昌chāng项xiàng,上shàng问wèn曰yuē:“我wǒ何hé如rú主zhǔ也yě?”昌chāng仰yǎng曰yuē:“陛bì下xià即jí桀jié、纣zhòu之zhī主zhǔ也yě。”于yú是shì上shàng笑xiào之zhī,然rán尤yóu惮dàn昌chāng。及jí高gāo帝dì欲yù废fèi太tài子zǐ,而ér立lì威wēi姬jī子zǐ如rú意yì为wéi太tài子zǐ,大dà臣chén固gù争zhēng莫mò能néng得dé,上shàng以yǐ留侯hóu策cè止zhǐ。而ér昌chāng庭tíng争zhēng之zhī强qiáng,上shàng问wèn其qí说shuō,昌chāng为wéi人rén吃chī,又yòu盛shèng怒nù,曰yuē:“臣chén口kǒu不bù能néng言yán,然rán臣chén期qī期qī知zhī其qí不bù可kě。陛bì下xià欲yù废fèi太tài子zǐ,臣chén期qī期qī不bù奉fèng诏zhào。”上shàng欣xīn然rán而ér笑xiào,即jí罢bà。吕后hòu侧cè耳ěr于yú东dōng箱xiāng听tīng,见jiàn昌chāng,为wéi跪guì谢xiè曰yuē:“微wēi君jūn,太tài子zǐ几jī废fèi。”

是shì岁suì,戚qī姬jī子zǐ如rú意yì为wéi赵zhào王wáng,年nián十shí岁suì,高gāo祖zǔ忧yōu万wàn岁suì之zhī后hòu不bù全quán也yě。赵zhào尧yáo为wéi符fú玺xǐ御yù史shǐ,赵zhào人rén方fāng与yǔ公gōng谓wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū周zhōu昌chāng曰yuē:“君jūn之zhī史shǐ赵zhào尧yáo年nián虽suī少shǎo,然rán奇qí士shì,君jūn必bì异yì之zhī,是shì且qiě代dài君jūn之zhī位wèi。”昌chāng笑xiào曰yuē:“尧yáo年nián少shǎo,刀dāo笔bǐ吏lì耳ěr,何hé至zhì是shì乎hū!”居jū顷qǐng之zhī,尧yáo侍shì高gāo祖zǔ,高gāo祖zǔ独dú心xīn不bù乐lè,悲bēi歌gē,群qún臣chén不bù知zhī上shàng所suǒ以yǐ然rán。尧yáo进jìn请qǐng问wèn曰yuē:“陛bì下xià所suǒ为wéi不bù乐lè,非fēi以yǐ赵zhào王wáng年nián少shǎo,而ér戚qī夫fū人rén与yǔ吕后hòu有yǒu隙xì,备bèi万wàn岁suì之zhī后hòu而ér赵zhào王wáng不bù能néng自zì全quán乎hū?”高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“我wǒ私sī忧yōu之zhī,不bù知zhī所suǒ出chū。”尧yáo曰yuē:“陛bì下xià独dú为wéi赵zhào王wáng置zhì贵guì强qiáng相xiāng,及jí吕后hòu、太tài子zǐ、群qún臣chén素sù所suǒ敬jìng惮dàn者zhě乃nǎi可kě。”高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“然rán。吾wú念niàn之zhī欲yù如rú是shì,而ér群qún臣chén谁shuí可kě者zhě?”尧yáo曰yuē:“御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū昌chāng,其qí人rén坚jiān忍rěn伉kàng直zhí,自zì吕后hòu、太tài子zǐ及jí大dà臣chén皆jiē素sù严yán惮dàn之zhī。独dú昌chāng可kě。”高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“善shàn。”于yú是shì召zhào昌chāng谓wèi曰yuē:“吾wú固gù欲yù烦fán公gōng,公gōng强qiáng为wéi我wǒ相xiāng赵zhào。”昌chāng泣qì曰yuē:“臣chén初chū起qǐ从cóng陛bì下xià,陛bì下xià独dú奈nài何hé中zhōng道dào而ér弃qì之zhī于yú诸zhū侯hóu乎hū?”高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“吾wú极jí知zhī其qí左zuǒ迁qiān,然rán吾wú私sī忧yōu赵zhào,念niàn非fēi公gōng无wú可kě者zhě。公gōng不bù得dé已yǐ强qiáng行háng!”于yú是shì徙xǐ御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū昌chāng为wéi赵zhào相xiāng。

既jì行háng久之zhī,高gāo祖zǔ持chí御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū印yìn弄nòng之zhī,曰yuē:“谁shuí可kě以yǐ为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū者zhě?”孰shú视shì尧yáo曰yuē:“无wú以yǐ易yì尧yáo。”遂suì拜bài尧yáo为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。尧yáo亦yì前qián有yǒu军jūn功gōng食shí邑yì,及jí以yǐ御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū从cóng击jī陈chén豨xī有yǒu功gōng,封fēng为wéi江jiāng邑yì侯hóu。

高gāo祖zǔ崩bēng,太tài后hòu使shǐ使shǐ召zhào赵zhào王wáng,其qí相xiāng昌chāng令líng王wáng称chēng疾jí不bù行háng。使shǐ者zhě三sān反fǎn,昌chāng曰yuē:“高gāo帝dì属shǔ臣chén赵zhào王wáng,王wáng年nián少shǎo,窃qiè闻wén太tài后hòu怨yuàn戚qī夫fū人rén,欲yù召zhào赵zhào王wáng并bìng诛zhū之zhī。臣chén不bù敢gǎn遣qiǎn王wáng,王wáng且qiě亦yì疾jí,不bù能néng奉fèng诏zhào。”太tài后hòu怒nù,乃nǎi使shǐ使shǐ召zhào赵zhào相xiāng。相xiāng至zhì,谒yè太tài后hòu,太tài后hòu骂mà昌chāng曰yuē:“尔ěr不bù知zhī我wǒ之zhī怨yuàn戚qī氏shì乎hū?而ér不bù遣qiǎn赵zhào王wáng!”昌chāng既jì被bèi征zhēng,高gāo后hòu使shǐ使shǐ召zhào赵zhào王wáng。王wáng果guǒ来lái,至zhì长cháng安ān月yuè余yú,见jiàn鸩zhèn杀shā。昌chāng谢xiè病bìng不bù朝zhāo见jiàn,三sān岁suì而ér薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē悼dào侯hóu。传chuán子zǐ至zhì孙sūn意yì,有yǒu罪zuì,国guó除chú。景jǐng帝dì复fù封fēng昌chāng孙sūn左zuǒ车chē为wéi安ān阳yáng侯hóu,有yǒu罪zuì,国guó除chú。

初chū,赵zhào尧yáo既jì代dài周zhōu昌chāng为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,高gāo祖zǔ崩bēng,事shì惠huì帝dì终zhōng世shì。高gāo后hòu元yuán年nián,怨yuàn尧yáo前qián定dìng赵zhào王wáng如rú意yì之zhī画huà,乃nǎi抵dǐ尧yáo罪zuì,以yǐ广guǎng阿ā侯hóu任rèn敖áo为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。

任rèn敖áo,沛pèi人rén也yě,少shǎo为wéi狱yù吏lì。高gāo祖zǔ尝cháng避bì吏lì,吏lì系xì吕后hòu,遇yù之zhī不bù谨jǐn。任rèn敖áo素sù善shàn高gāo祖zǔ,怒nù,击jī伤shāng主zhǔ吕后hòu吏lì。及jí高gāo祖zǔ初chū起qǐ,敖áo以yǐ客kè从cóng为wéi御yù史shǐ,守shǒu丰fēng二èr岁suì。高gāo祖zǔ立lì为wéi汉hàn王wáng,东dōng击jī项xiàng羽yǔ,遨áo迁qiān为wéi上shàng党dǎng守shǒu。陈chén豨xī反fǎn,敖áo坚jiān守shǒu,封fēng为wéi广guǎng阿ā侯hóu,食shí邑yì千qiān八bā百bǎi户hù。高gāo后hòu时shí为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,三sān岁suì免miǎn。孝xiào文wén元yuán年nián薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē懿yì侯hóu。传chuán子zǐ至zhì曾zēng孙sūn越yuè人rén,坐zuò为wéi太tài常cháng庙miào酒酸suān不bù敬jìng,国guó除chú。

初chū任rèn敖áo免miǎn,平píng阳yáng侯hóu曹cáo窋zhú代dài敖áo为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。高gāo后hòu崩bēng,与yǔ大dà臣chén共gòng诛zhū诸zhū吕。后hòu坐zuò事shì免miǎn,以yǐ淮huái南nán相xiāng张zhāng苍cāng为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。苍cāng来lái绛jiàng侯hóu等děng尊zūn立lì孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì,四sì年nián,代dài灌guàn婴yīng为wéi丞chéng相xiāng。

汉hàn兴xīng二èr十shí余yú年nián,天tiān下xià初chū定dìng,公gōng卿qīng皆jiē军jūn吏lì。苍cāng为wéi计jì相xiāng时shí,绪xù正zhèng律lǜ历lì。以yǐ高gāo祖zǔ十shí月yuè始shǐ至zhì霸bà上shàng,故gù因yīn秦qín时shí本běn十shí月yuè为wéi岁suì首shǒu,不bù革gé。推tuī五wǔ德dé之zhī运yùn,以yǐ为wéi汉hàn当dāng水shuǐ德dé之zhī时shí,上shàng黑hēi如rú故gù。吹chuī律lǜ调tiáo乐lè,入rù之zhī音yīn声shēng,及jí以yǐ比bǐ定dìng律lǜ令líng。若ruò百bǎi工gōng,天tiān下xià作zuò程chéng品pǐn。至zhì于yú为wéi丞chéng相xiāng,卒zú就jiù之zhī。故gù汉hàn家jiā言yán律lǜ历lì者zhě本běn张zhāng苍cāng。苍cāng凡fán好hǎo书shū,无wú所suǒ不bù观guān,无wú所suǒ不bù通tōng,而ér尤yóu邃suì律lǜ历lì。

苍cāng德dé安ān国guó侯hóu王wáng陵líng,及jí贵guì,父fù事shì陵líng。陵líng死sǐ后hòu,苍cāng为wéi丞chéng相xiāng,洗xǐ沐mù,常cháng先xiān朝zhāo陵líng夫fū人rén上shàng食shí,然rán后hòu敢gǎn归guī家jiā。

苍cāng为wéi丞chéng相xiāng十shí余yú年nián,鲁lǔ人rén公gōng孙sūn臣chén上shàng书shū,陈chén终zhōng始shǐ五wǔ德dé传chuán,言yán“汉hàn土tǔ德dé时shí,其qí符fú黄huáng龙lóng见jiàn,当dāng改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè”。事shì下xià苍cāng,苍cāng以yǐ为wéi非fēi是shì,罢bà之zhī。其qí后hòu黄huáng龙lóng见jiàn成chéng纪jì,于yú是shì文wén帝dì召zhào公gōng孙sūn臣chén以yǐ为wéi博bó士shì,草cǎo立lì土tǔ德dé时shí历lì制zhì度dù,更gēng元yuán年nián。苍cāng由yóu此cǐ自zì绌chù,谢xiè病bìng称chēng老lǎo。苍cāng任rèn人rén为wéi中zhōng候hòu,大dà为wéi奸jiān利lì,上shàng以yǐ为wéi让ràng,苍cāng遂suì病bìng免miǎn。孝xiào景jǐng五wǔ年nián薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē文wén侯hóu。传chuán子zǐ至zhì孙sūn类lèi,有yǒu罪zuì,国guó除chú。

初chū苍cāng父fù长cháng不bù满mǎn五wǔ尺chǐ,苍cāng长cháng八bā尺chǐ余yú,苍cāng子zǐ复fù长cháng八bā尺chǐ,及jí孙sūn类lèi长cháng六liù尺chǐ余yú。苍cāng免miǎn相xiāng后hòu,口kǒu中zhōng无wú齿chǐ,食shí乳rǔ,女nǚ子zǐ为wéi乳rǔ母mǔ。妻qī妾qiè以yǐ百bǎi数shù,尝cháng孕yùn者zhě不bù复fù幸xìng。年nián百bǎi余yú岁suì乃nǎi卒zú。著zhù书shū十shí八bā篇piān,言yán阴yīn阳yáng律lǜ历lì事shì。

申shēn屠tú嘉jiā,梁liáng人rén也yě。以yǐ材cái官guān蹶jué张zhāng从cóng高gāo帝dì击jī项xiàng籍jí,迁qiān为wéi队duì率shuài。从cóng击jī黥qíng布bù,为wéi都dū尉wèi。孝xiào惠huì时shí,为wéi淮huái阳yáng守shǒu。孝xiào文wén元yuán年nián,举jǔ故gù以yǐ二èr千qiān石shí从cóng高gāo祖zǔ者zhě,悉xī以yǐ为wéi关guān内nèi侯hóu,食shí邑yì二èr十shí四sì人rén,而ér嘉jiā食shí邑yì五wǔ百bǎi户hù。十shí六liù年nián,迁qiān为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。张zhāng苍cāng免miǎn相xiāng,文wén帝dì以yǐ皇huáng后hòu弟dì窦dòu广guǎng国guó贤xián有yǒu行háng,欲yù相xiāng之zhī,曰yuē:“恐kǒng天tiān下xià以yǐ吾wú私sī广guǎng国guó。”久念niàn不bù可kě,而ér高gāo帝dì时shí大dà臣chén余yú见jiàn无wú可kě者zhě,乃nǎi以yǐ御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū嘉jiā为wéi丞chéng相xiāng,因yīn故gù邑yì封fēng为wéi故gù安ān侯hóu。

嘉jiā为wéi人rén廉lián直zhí,门mén不bù受shòu私sī谒yè。是shì时shí,太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū邓dèng通tōng方fāng爱ài幸xìng,赏shǎng赐cì累léi巨jù万wàn。文wén帝dì常cháng燕yàn饮yǐn通tōng家jiā,其qí宠chǒng如rú是shì。是shì时shí,嘉jiā入rù朝zhāo而ér通tōng居jū上shàng旁páng,有yǒu怠dài慢màn之zhī礼lǐ。嘉jiā奏zòu事shì毕bì,因yīn言yán曰yuē:“陛bì下xià幸xìng爱ài群qún臣chén则zé富fù贵guì之zhī,至zhì于yú朝zhāo廷tíng之zhī礼lǐ,不bù可kě以yǐ不bù肃sù!”上shàng曰yuē:“君jūn勿wù言yán,吾wú私sī之zhī。”罢bà朝zhāo坐zuò府fǔ中zhōng,嘉jiā为wéi檄xí召zhào通tōng诣yì丞chéng相xiāng府fǔ,不bù来lái,且qiě斩zhǎn通tōng。通tōng恐kǒng,入rù言yán上shàng。上shàng曰yuē:“汝rǔ第dì往wǎng,吾wú今jīn使shǐ人rén召zhào若ruò。”通tōng至zhì丞chéng相xiāng府fǔ,免miǎn冠guān,徒tú跣xiǎn,顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè嘉jiā。嘉jiā坐zuò自zì如rú,弗fú为wéi礼lǐ,责zé曰yuē:“夫fū朝zhāo廷tíng者zhě,高gāo皇huáng帝dì之zhī朝zhāo廷tíng也yě,通tōng小xiǎo臣chén,戏xì殿diàn上shàng,大dà不bù敬jìng,当dāng斩zhǎn。史shǐ今jīn行háng斩zhǎn之zhī!”通tōng顿dùn首shǒu,首shǒu尽jìn出chū血xiě,不bù解jiě。上shàng度dù丞chéng相xiāng已yǐ困kùn通tōng,使shǐ使shǐ持chí节jié召zhào通tōng,而ér谢xiè丞chéng相xiāng:“此cǐ语yǔ弄nòng臣chén,君jūn释shì之zhī。”邓dèng通tōng既jì至zhì,为wéi上shàng泣qì曰yuē:“丞chéng相xiāng几jī杀shā臣chén。”

嘉jiā为wéi丞chéng相xiāng五wǔ岁suì,文wén帝dì崩bēng,孝xiào景jǐng即jí位wèi。二èr年nián,晁cháo错cuò为wéi内nèi史shǐ,贵guì幸xìng用yòng事shì,诸zhū法fǎ令líng多duō所suǒ请qǐng变biàn更gēng,议yì以yǐ适shì罚fá侵qīn削xiāo诸zhū侯hóu,而ér丞chéng相xiāng嘉jiā自zì绌chù所suǒ言yán不bù用yòng,疾jí错cuò。错cuò为wéi内nèi史shǐ,门mén东dōng出chū,不bù便biàn,更gēng穿chuān一yī门mén,南nán出chū。南nán出chū者zhě,太tài上shàng皇huáng庙miào堧ruán垣yuán也yě。嘉jiā闻wén错cuò穿chuān宗zōng庙miào垣yuán,为wéi奏zòu请qǐng诛zhū错cuò。客kè有yǒu语yǔ错cuò,错cuò恐kǒng,夜yè入rù宫gōng上shàng谒yè,自zì归guī上shàng。至zhì朝zhāo,嘉jiā请qǐng诛zhū内nèi史shǐ错cuò。上shàng曰yuē:“错cuò所suǒ穿chuān非fēi真zhēn庙miào垣yuán,乃nǎi外wài堧ruán垣yuán,故gù冗rǒng官guān居jū其qí中zhōng,且qiě又yòu我wǒ使shǐ为wéi之zhī,错cuò无wú罪zuì。”罢bà朝zhāo,嘉jiā谓wèi长cháng史shǐ曰yuē:“吾wú悔huǐ不bù先xiān斩zhǎn错cuò乃nǎi请qǐng之zhī,为wéi错cuò所suǒ卖mài!”至zhì舍shě,因yīn呕ǒu血xiě而ér死sǐ。谥shì曰yuē节jié侯hóu。传chuán子zǐ至zhì孙sūn臾yú,有yǒu罪zuì,国guó除chú。

自zì嘉jiā死sǐ后hòu,开kāi封fēng侯hóu陶táo青qīng、桃táo侯hóu刘舍shě及jí武wǔ帝dì时shí柏bǎi至zhì侯hóu许xǔ昌chāng、平píng棘jí侯hóu薛xuē泽zé、武wǔ强qiáng侯hóu庄zhuāng青qīng翟dí、商shāng陵líng侯hóu赵zhào周zhōu,皆jiē以yǐ列liè侯hóu继jì踵zhǒng,齿chǐ齿chǐ廉lián谨jǐn,为wéi丞chéng相xiāng备bèi员yuán而ér已yǐ,无wú所suǒ能néng发fā明míng功gōng名míng著zhù于yú世shì者zhě。

赞zàn曰yuē:张zhāng苍cāng文wén好hǎo律lǜ历lì,为wéi汉hàn名míng相xiāng,而ér专zhuān遵zūn用yòng奉fèng之zhī《颛zhuān顼xū历lì》,何hé哉zāi?周zhōu昌chāng,木mù强qiáng人rén也yě。任rèn敖áo以yǐ旧jiù德dé用yòng。申shēn屠tú嘉jiā可kě谓wèi刚gāng毅yì守shǒu节jié,然rán无wú术shù学xué,殆dài与yǔ萧xiāo、曹cáo、陈chén平píng异yì矣yǐ。